Tính:
a) 0,6 + \(\frac{2}{-3}\) ; b) \(\frac{1}{3}\) - (-0,4)
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a)
\(\begin{array}{l}0,6 + \left( {\frac{3}{{ - 4}}} \right) = \frac{6}{{10}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{4}} \right)\\ = \frac{{12}}{{20}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 15}}{{20}}} \right) = \frac{{12 + \left( { - 15} \right)}}{{20}}\\ = \frac{{ - 3}}{{20}}\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( { - 1\frac{1}{3}} \right) - \left( { - 0,8} \right) = \frac{{ - 4}}{3} + \frac{8}{{10}}\\ = \frac{{ - 4}}{3} + \frac{4}{5} = \frac{{ - 20}}{{15}} + \frac{{12}}{{15}} = \frac{{ - 8}}{{15}}.\end{array}\)
a: =0,6-0,75=-0,15
b: \(=-\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{-20+12}{15}=-\dfrac{8}{15}\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\left( {1 + \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{4}} \right)^2}.\left( {2 + \frac{3}{7}} \right)\\ = {\left( {\frac{4}{4} + \frac{2}{4} - \frac{1}{4}} \right)^2}.\left( {\frac{{14}}{7} + \frac{3}{7}} \right)\\ = {\left( {\frac{5}{4}} \right)^2}.\frac{{17}}{7}\\ = \frac{{25}}{{16}}.\frac{{17}}{7}\\ = \frac{{425}}{{112}}\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}4:{\left( {\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{3}} \right)^3}\\ = 4:{\left( {\frac{3}{6} - \frac{2}{6}} \right)^3}\\ = 4:{\left( {\frac{1}{6}} \right)^3}\\ = 4:\frac{1}{{216}}\\ = 4.216\\ = 864\end{array}\)
a: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^{-2}=25\)
b: \(4^{\dfrac{3}{2}}=8\)
c: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^{-\dfrac{2}{3}}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{3\cdot\dfrac{-2}{3}}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-2}=4\)
d: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{16}\right)^{-0.75}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{4\cdot\left(-0.75\right)}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-3}=8\)
a)
\(\left( { - 3,5} \right).\left( {1\frac{3}{5}} \right) = \frac{{ - 7}}{2}.\frac{8}{5} = \frac{{ - 7.8}}{{2.5}} = \frac{{ - 7.4.2}}{{2.5}} = \frac{{ - 28}}{5}\)
b) \(\frac{{ - 5}}{9}.\left( { - 2\frac{1}{2}} \right) = \frac{{ - 5}}{9}.\frac{{ - 5}}{2} = \frac{{25}}{{18}}\)
a: \(=log_3\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^3=log_3\left(3^{\dfrac{1}{2}}\right)^3=log_3\left(3^{\dfrac{3}{2}}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b: \(log_{\dfrac{1}{2}}32=log_{\dfrac{1}{2}}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-5}=-5\)
a)\(5,75.\frac{{ - 8}}{9} =\frac{{575}}{100}.\frac{{ - 8}}{9}= \frac{{23}}{4}.\frac{{ - 8}}{9} = \frac{{ - 46}}{9}\)
b)\(2\frac{3}{8}.\left( { - 0,4} \right) = \frac{{19}}{8}.\frac{{ - 4}}{10} =\frac{{19}}{8}.\frac{{ - 2}}{5} = \frac{{ - 19}}{{20}}\);
c)\(\frac{{ - 12}}{5}:\left( { - 6,5} \right) = \frac{{ - 12}}{5}:\frac{{ - 65}}{10} =\frac{{ - 12}}{5}:\frac{{ - 13}}{2} = \frac{{ - 12}}{5}.\frac{{ - 2}}{{13}} = \frac{{24}}{{65}}\).
\(\begin{array}{l}a){( - 3)^8} = {( - 3)^7}.( - 3) = - 2187.( - 3) = 6561\\b){\left( { - \frac{2}{3}} \right)^{12}} = {\left( { - \frac{2}{3}} \right)^{11}}.\left( { - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = \frac{{ - 2048}}{{177147}}.\frac{{ - 2}}{3} = \frac{{4096}}{{531441}}\end{array}\)
a) \(log_3\sqrt[3]{3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(log_{\dfrac{1}{2}}8=-3\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{25}\right)^{log_54}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}1\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{5}.\left[ {\left( { - 2\frac{5}{6} + \frac{1}{3}} \right)} \right]\\ = \frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{5}.\left[ {\left( { - \frac{{17}}{6} + \frac{2}{6}} \right)} \right]\\ = \frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{5}.\frac{{ - 15}}{6}\\ = \frac{3}{2} + \frac{{ - 1}}{2}\\ = \frac{2}{2}\\=1\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{3}.\left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{1}{2}} \right):{\left( {\frac{1}{6} - \frac{1}{5}} \right)^2}\\ = \frac{1}{3}.\left( {\frac{4}{{10}} - \frac{5}{{10}}} \right):{\left( {\frac{5}{{30}} - \frac{6}{{30}}} \right)^2}\\ = \frac{1}{3}.\frac{{ - 1}}{{10}}:{\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{{30}}} \right)^2}\\ = \frac{{ - 1}}{{30}}:\frac{1}{{{{30}^2}}}\\ = \frac{{ - 1}}{{30}}{.30^2}\\ = - 30\end{array}\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}0,75 - \frac{5}{6} + 1\frac{1}{2} = \frac{3}{4} - \frac{5}{6} + \frac{3}{2}\\ = \frac{9}{{12}} - \frac{{10}}{{12}} + \frac{{18}}{{12}} = \frac{{17}}{{12}}\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{3}{7} + \frac{4}{{15}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 8}}{{21}}} \right) + \left( { - 0,4} \right) = \frac{3}{7} + \frac{4}{{15}} - \frac{8}{{21}} - \frac{2}{5}\\ = \left( {\frac{3}{7} - \frac{8}{{21}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{4}{{15}} - \frac{2}{5}} \right)\\ = \left( {\frac{9}{{21}} - \frac{8}{{21}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{4}{{15}} - \frac{6}{{15}}} \right)\\ = \frac{1}{{21}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{{15}}} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{{105}} - \frac{{14}}{{105}}\\ = \frac{{ - 9}}{{105}} = \frac{{ - 3}}{{35}}\end{array}\)
c)
\(\begin{array}{l}0,625 + \left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{7}} \right) + \frac{3}{8} + \left( {\frac{{ - 5}}{7}} \right) + 1\frac{2}{3}\\ = \frac{5}{8} + \left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{7}} \right) + \frac{3}{8} - \frac{5}{7} + \frac{5}{3}\\ = \left( {\frac{5}{8} + \frac{3}{8}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{7} - \frac{5}{7}} \right) + \frac{5}{3}\\ = 1 - 1 + \frac{5}{3} = \frac{5}{3}\end{array}\)
d)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( { - 3} \right).\left( {\frac{{ - 38}}{{21}}} \right).\left( {\frac{{ - 7}}{6}} \right).\left( { - \frac{3}{{19}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{ - 3.\left( { - 38} \right).\left( { - 7} \right).\left( { - 3} \right)}}{{21.6.19}}\\ = \frac{{3.38.7.3}}{{21.6.19}}\\ = \frac{{3.2.19.7.3}}{{3.7.3.2.19}}\\ = 1\end{array}\)
e)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {\frac{{11}}{{18}}:\frac{{22}}{9}} \right).\frac{8}{5} = \left( {\frac{{11}}{{18}}.\frac{9}{{22}}} \right).\frac{8}{5}\\ = \frac{{11.9.4.2}}{{9.2.2.11.5}} = \frac{2}{5}\end{array}\)
g)
\(\left[ {\left( {\frac{{ - 4}}{5}} \right).\frac{5}{8}} \right]:\left( {\frac{{ - 25}}{{12}}} \right) = \frac{{ - 20}}{{40}}:\left( {\frac{{ - 25}}{{12}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{ - 1}}{2}.\frac{{ - 12}}{{25}} = \frac{6}{{25}}\)