Cho \(A=1-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{10}-...-\dfrac{1}{512}.CM:A< 0,002\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{512}+\dfrac{1}{1024}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^9}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt A=1/2+1/4+1/8+..+1/1024
Ax2=1+1/2+1/4+1/8+..+1/512( Nhân cả 2 vế với 2)
Ax2-A=(1+1/2+1/4+1/8+..+1/512)-(1/2+1/4+1/8+..+1/1024)
<=>A=1-1/1024
<=>A=1023/1024
Vậy biểu thức đã cho = 1023/1024
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{256}+\dfrac{1}{512}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{128}+\dfrac{1}{256}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{128}+\dfrac{1}{256}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}-...-\dfrac{1}{256}-\dfrac{1}{512}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{512}=\dfrac{511}{512}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(=\left(2+4+6+...+98\right)\left(6-6\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{512}\right)\)
=0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot3}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4\cdot4}< \dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9\cdot9}< \dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{10^2}=\dfrac{1}{10\cdot10}< \dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\) (vì: \(\dfrac{9}{10}< 1\))
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có A = 1/21 + 1/22 + 1/23 + 1/24 + ... + 1/40 > 1/40 + 1/40 +....+ 1/40 ( có 20 số hạng 1/40)
= 20/40
=1/2
=) A> 1/2 (1)
ta lại có A = 1/21 + 1/22 + 1/23 + 1/24 + ... + 1/40 < 1/20 + 1/20 +...+ 1/20 ( có 20 số hạng 1/20)
=20/20
=1
=) A <1 (2)
từ (1), (2) = 1/2 <A<1
Lời giải:
Sửa lại đề:
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}-...-\frac{1}{512}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^9}\right)\)
\(2A=2-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^8}\right)\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(A=2A-A=\frac{1}{2^9}< 0,002\) (đpcm)