Cho a + 4b = 1. Chứng minh rằng a2 + 4b2 >= 1/5
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\(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+1-2a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+1\ge2a\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(2b-3\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow4b^2+9-12b\ge0\Rightarrow4b^2+9\ge12b\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(c\sqrt[]{3}-\sqrt[]{3}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow3c^2+3-6c\ge0\Rightarrow3c^2+3\ge6c\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow a^2+1+4b^2+9+3c^2+3\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2+1+9+3\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2+13\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2\ge2a+12b+6c-13\)
mà \(2a+12b+6c-13>2a+12b+6c-14\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2>2a+12b+6c-14\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
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1: 2a+2b=2(a+b)
2: 2a+4b+6c
=2*a+2*2b+2*3c
=2(a+2b+3c)
3: \(-7a-14ab-21b=-7\left(a+2ab+3b\right)\)
4: \(2ax-2ay+2a=2a\left(x-y+1\right)\)
5: \(=3a\cdot ax-3a\cdot2ay+3a\cdot4=3a\left(ax-2ay+4\right)\)
6: \(=2\cdot2ax-2\cdot ay-2\cdot1=2\cdot\left(2ax-ay-1\right)\)
7: =a^2-(2b)^2
=(a-2b)(a+2b)
8: =(5a)^2-1^2
=(5a-1)(5a+1)
9: =9(16a^2-9)
=9(4a-3)(4a+3)
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Đặt \(P=a+b+c\)
\(P^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left(1.a+\dfrac{1}{2}.2b+\dfrac{1}{3}.3c\right)^2\le\left(1^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\right)\left(a^2+4b^2+9c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le\dfrac{49}{36}\left(a^2+4b^2+9c^2\right)=\dfrac{49}{36}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{7}{6}\le P\le\dfrac{7}{6}\)
\(P_{min}=-\dfrac{7}{6}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-\dfrac{6}{7};-\dfrac{3}{14};-\dfrac{2}{21}\right)\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{7}{6}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{6}{7};\dfrac{3}{14};\dfrac{2}{21}\right)\)
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Đặt \(T=a^2+4b^2\)(1)
Vì a+4b=1 => a=1-4b
Thế vào (1) ta được: \(T=\left(1-4b\right)^2+4b^2=20b^2-8b+1\)
<=> \(T=20\left(b^2-2\cdot\frac{1}{5}\cdot b+\frac{1}{25}\right)+\frac{1}{5}=20\left(b-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{5}\)
=> \(T\ge\frac{1}{5}\left(đpcm\right)\)
trả lời
anh ơi cái anyf dùng bất đẳng thức
(ax+by)^2<= (a^2+b^2)(x^2+y^2) cũng được nhỉ
cách này nhanh hơn đó ạ
hok tốt
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Số tự nhiên a chia cho 5 dư 4, ta có: a = 5k + 4 (k ∈N)
Ta có: a 2 = 5 k + 4 2
= 25 k 2 + 40k + 16
= 25 k 2 + 40k + 15 + 1
= 5(5 k 2 + 8k +3) +1
Ta có: 5 ⋮ 5 nên 5(5 k 2 + 8k + 3) ⋮ 5
Vậy a 2 = 5 k + 4 2 chia cho 5 dư 1. (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^2+b^2=\frac{9a^2}{9}+\frac{16b^2}{16}\ge\frac{\left(3a+4b\right)^2}{9+16}=\frac{5^2}{25}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{3a}{9}=\frac{4b}{16}=\frac{3a+4b}{9+16}=\frac{5}{25}=\frac{1}{5}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{3}{5}\\b=\frac{4}{5}\end{cases}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có
n4 + 4 = n4 + 4n2 + 4 – 4n2
= (n2 + 2 )2 – (2n)2
= (n2 + 2 – 2n )(n2 + 2 + 2n)
Vì n4 + 4 là số nguyên tố nên n2 + 2 – 2n = 1 hoặc n2 + 2 + 2n = 1
Mà n2 + 2 + 2n > 1 vậy n2 + 2 – 2n = 1 suy ra n = 1
Thử lại : n = 1 thì 14 + 4 = 5 là số nguyên tố
Vậy với n = 1 thì n4 + 4 là số nguyên tố.