Tìm tất cả các cặp số nguyên dương (x; y) thỏa mãn điều kiện 2x2 - 2xy + x + y + 2 = 0
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\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+22xy+141=4\left(x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)+7\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+11\right)^2+20=4\left(x+3y\right)^2+7\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16\left(xy+11\right)^2+320=64\left(x+3y\right)^2+112\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4xy+44\right)^2+369=\left(8x+24y+7\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(8x+24y-4xy-37\right)\left(8x+24y+4xy+51\right)=369\)
Pt ước số
Ta có: 2x2 + 2xy - x + y = 66
<=> (x + y)2 + x2 - y2 - (x - y) = 66
<=> (x + y)^2 - 1 + (x - y)(x + y - 1) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(x + y + 1) + (x - y)(x + y - 1) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(x + y + 1 + x - y) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(2x + 1) = 65 = 1. 65 = 5.13 (vì x,y nguyên dương)
Lập bảng:
x + y - 1 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 65 |
2x + 1 | 65 | 13 | 5 | 1 |
x | 32 | 6 | 2 | 0 |
y | -30 (ktm) | 0 | 12 | 66 |
Vậy ...
Ta có: \(2x^2+2y^2-x-y-2xy+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)+\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2-y+\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}^2\right)=0\)
Nhận xét \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0;\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\x-\frac{1}{2}=0\\y-\frac{1}{2}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=y=\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(2y^2+2xy+x+3y-13=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y\left(y+x\right)+x+y+2y=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(2y+1\right)+2y+1=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)=14\)
Rồi bạn làm từng cặp ra nhé!
Theo đề bài, ta có: \(x+2xy-y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(1+2y\right)-y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow2x\left(2y+1\right)-2y=8\)
\(\Rightarrow2x\left(2y+1\right)-\left(2y+1\right)=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2y+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=7\)
Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow2x-1;2y+1\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\mp1;\mp7\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
2x-1 | 1 | -1 | 7 | -7 |
2y+1 | 7 | -7 | 1 | -1 |
x | 1 | 0 | 4 | -3 |
y | 3 | -4 | 0 | -1 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right),\left(0;-4\right),\left(4;0\right),\left(-3;-1\right)\right\}\)
\(x+2xy-y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+2xy-2y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+2y\left(x-1\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left[x+y\left(x-1\right)\right]=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\left(x-1\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)+y\left(x-1\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right).\left(1+y\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x+2=y\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{2x^2+x+2}{2x-1}=x+1+\dfrac{3}{2x-1}\)
\(y\in Z\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2x-1}\in Z\)
Mà x nguyên dương \(\Rightarrow2x-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1=Ư\left(3\right)\Rightarrow x=\left\{1;2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;5\right);\left(2;4\right)\)