tính nồng độ % của dung dịch HCl 4,73 M có D=1.079g/ml
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Bài 1. \(C_M=\dfrac{10.D.C\%}{M}=\dfrac{10.1,225.20}{40}=6,125M\)
Bài 2: \(C_M=\dfrac{10.D.C\%}{M}\Leftrightarrow4,73=\dfrac{10.1,079.C\%}{36,5}\)
=> \(C\%=16\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
$n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol) < n_{HCl} = 1,05(mol)$ nên HCl dư
$n_{HCl\ dư} = 1,05 -0 ,3 = 0,75(mol)$
$n_{KCl} = n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd} = 0,3+ 0,7 = 1(lít)$
Suy ra :
$[K^+] = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3M$
$[Cl^-] = \dfrac{0,75 + 0,3}{1} = 1,05M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,75}{1} = 0,75M$
b)
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,375(mol)$
$V_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,375}{1,5} = 0,25(lít)$
\(n_{KOH}=0.3\cdot1=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.7\cdot1.5=1.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(0.3...........0.3..........0.3\)
Dung dịch D gồm : 0.3 (mol) KCl , 0.75 (mol) HCl dư
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.3}{0.3+0.7}=0.3\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0.3+0.75}{0.3+0.7}=1.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0.75}{0.3+0.7}=0.75\left(M\right)\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.375..................0.75\)
\(V_{dd_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.375}{1.5}=0.25\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{dd_{HCl\left(10\%\right)}}=150\cdot1.206=180.9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{180.9\cdot10\%}{36.5}\approx0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(2M\right)}=0.25\cdot2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.5+0.5=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=150+250=400\left(ml\right)=0.4\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1}{0.4}=2.5\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_4^{2-}}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H^+}=0,02+0,06=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,05=0,015\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba^{2+}}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,03___0,03 (mol) ⇒ nH+ dư = 0,05 (mol)
\(Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow BaSO_4\)
0,015___0,015______0,015 (mol) ⇒ nSO42- dư = 0,015 (mol)
⇒ m = mBaSO4 = 0,015.233 = 3,495 (g)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2+0,3}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,2+0,3}=0,03\left(M\right)\)
b, pH = -log[H+] = 1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 36 :
$n_{HCl} = 0,5.5 = 2,5(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{2,5.36,5}{36,5\%} = 250(gam)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{m}{D} = \dfrac{250}{1,19} = 210(ml)$
Đáp án A