Cho x, y là các số thực dương. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}\)+\(\frac{xy+x+y}{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{10}{3}\)
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6 tháng 4 2016
Do x, y >0 nên bất đẳng thức tương đương với :
\(\left[\left(1+x\right)^2+\left(1+y\right)^2\right]\left(1+xy\right)\ge\left(1+x\right)^2\left(1+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2+2x+2y+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge\left(1+2x+x^2\right)\left(1+2y+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Bất đẳng thức này luôn đúng
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=1
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
11 tháng 2 2020
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+2x+2y+2}{\left(1+x+y+xy\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(xy+x+y+1\right)\right]\ge\left(1+x+y+xy\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(1+x+y+xy\right)\left(2+2xy-1-x-y-xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy+1+x+y\right)\left(xy+1-x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy+1\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+xy\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2y^2+1-x^2-y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
14 tháng 3 2020
\(VT=\frac{\left(yz\right)^2}{x^2yz\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(xz\right)^2}{zxy^2\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{xyz^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{2\left(yz\right)^2}{xy+zx}+\frac{2\left(xz\right)^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{2\left(xy\right)^2}{xz+yz}\ge\frac{2\left(yz+xz+xy\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=xy+yz+zx\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2}}\)
3 tháng 4 2020
Ta có \(1+x^2=x^2+xy+yz+xz=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT <=>
\(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+...\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{x\sqrt{y+z}+y\sqrt{x+z}+z\sqrt{x+y}}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\right)^3\)
<=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x\sqrt{y+z}+y\sqrt{x+z}+z\sqrt{x+y}\right)^3\)
<=> \(\left(x+y+z\right)\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\right)^3\)(1)
Xét \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
<=> \(9\left[xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\right]\ge8\left(xy\left(x+y\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+3xyz\right)\)
<=> \(xy\left(y+x\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)\ge6xyz\)
<=> \(x\left(y-z\right)^2+z\left(x-y\right)^2+y\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\)luôn đúng
Khi đó (1) <=>
\(\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}.\sqrt{x+y+z}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+....\right)^3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\)
Áp dụng buniacopxki cho vế phải ta có
\(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\le\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(3-xy-yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
=> BĐT được CM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
TN
28 tháng 10 2016
Câu hỏi của Tuấn Anh Nguyễn - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
24 tháng 1 2019
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\le\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
Suy ra: \(P=6\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]+8\left[\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\left(xy\right)^2\right]+\frac{5}{xy}\)
\(\ge6\left(1-\frac{3}{4}\right)+8\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}\right)+\frac{5}{\frac{1}{4}}\) (Do x+y=1) \(\Rightarrow P\ge6-\frac{9}{2}+2-1+20=\frac{45}{2}\)(đpcm).
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=1/2.
KN
13 tháng 3 2021
Theo giả thiết xy + yz + zx = 1 nên ta có: \(VT=\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}+\frac{1}{1+z^2}=\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^2\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right)=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^3\le\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)Ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)
hay \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối đúng theo AM - GM do: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}.\frac{y}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\le\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT : ( a + b + c )2 \(\ge\)3 ( ab + bc + ac )
Ta có : \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}\ge\frac{3\left(xy+y+x\right)}{xy+y+x}=3\)
đặt \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}=A\)
ta có : \(A+\frac{1}{A}=\frac{8A}{9}+\frac{A}{9}+\frac{1}{A}\ge\frac{8.3}{9}+2\sqrt{\frac{A}{9}.\frac{1}{A}}=\frac{8}{3}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
Áp dụng ta được
\(\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge3\left(x+y+xy\right)\)=> \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}\ge3\)
Đặt \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{x+y+xy}=t\)(\(t\ge3\))
Khi đó
\(VT=t+\frac{1}{t}=\left(\frac{t}{9}+\frac{1}{t}\right)+\frac{8}{9}t\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.3=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}t=3\\x=y=1\end{cases}}\)=> x=y=1
Lưu ý
Nhiều người sẽ nhầm \(VT\ge2\)
Khi đó dấu bằng \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2=xy+x+y\)không xảy ra