Tính A=2^2018-2^2017-2^2016-...-2^1-2^0
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\( S =1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1} {2019}-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right) \)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\) \(\Rightarrow S=P\)\)
\(B=\frac{2018}{1}+\frac{2017}{2}+\frac{2016}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(B=1+\left(\frac{2017}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2016}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2018}+1\right)\)
\(B=\frac{2019}{2019}+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2019}{2018}\)
\(B=2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
ta có \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}{2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)}=\frac{1}{2019}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{2}{2017}+...+\frac{2017}{2}+2018\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2018}+1\right)+\left(1+\frac{2}{2017}\right)+...+\left(\frac{2017}{2}+1\right)+1\)(2018 số hạng 1)
\(=\frac{2019}{2018}+\frac{2019}{2017}+...+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2019}{2019}=2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
Mà \(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
=> Khi đó : \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}=2019\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=2^{2018}-2^{2017}-2^{2016}-.....-2^1-2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=2^{2018}+2^{2017}+2^{2017}+.....+2^1+2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=2^0+2^1+2^2+......+2^{2017}+2^{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(-A\right)=2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2018}+2^{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(-A\right)-\left(-A\right)=-A=2^{2019}-2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(2^{2019}-1\right)=-2^{2019}+1=1-2^{2019}\)