phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a) 25.(x-2)^2 - 100.(y-3)^2
b) 4.(x+3)^2 - 9.(x+2)^2
c) x^2 - 10x - y^2 + 25
d) x^2 - 4x - y^2 + 4
e) (x^2 + 2)^2 - 2.(x^2 + 2) +1
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.10x\left(x-y\right)-6y\left(y-x\right)\\ =10x\left(x-y\right)+6y\left(x-y\right)\\ =\left(10x-6y\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ =2\left(5x-3y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(b.14x^2y-21xy^2+28x^3y^2\\ =7xy\left(x-y+xy\right)\)
\(c.x^2-4+\left(x-2\right)^2\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)^2\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2+x-2\right)\\ =2x\left(x-2\right)\)
\(d.\left(x+1\right)^2-25\\ =\left(x+1-5\right)\left(x+1+5\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+4x+4=\left(x+2\right)^2 \)
\(4x^2-4x+1=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
\(c\left(x+1\right)-y\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(c-y\right)\)
\(x^3-3x^2+3x-1+27y^3=\left(x-1\right)^3+27y^3=\left(x-1+3y\right)\left(x^2-2x+1-3xy+3y+9y^2\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(2x^2-2y^2=2\left(x^2-y^2\right)=2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
b) \(x^2+2x+1-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+y+1\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
c) \(x^2-4x=x\left(x-4\right)\)
d) \(x^2+10x+25=x^2+2.5x+5^2=\left(x+5\right)^2\)
e) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x-y-3\right)\)
\(2x^2-2y^2=2.\left(x^2-y^2\right)=2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(x^2+2x+1-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
\(x^2-4x=x.\left(x-4\right)\)
\(x^2+10x+25=x^2+2.x.5+5^2=\left(x+5\right)^2\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
Tham khảo nhé~
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
d: \(=\left(x+1-5\right)\left(x+1+5\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(x^2-81=\left(x-9\right)\left(x+9\right)\)
b) \(4x^2-25=\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
c) \(x^4-y^4=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
d) \(x^2+6xy+9y^2=\left(x+3y\right)^2\)
e) \(6x-9-x^2=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
f) \(x^2-4x^2+4y^2+4xy=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)-4x^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2-4x^2\\ =\left(x+2y+2x\right)\left(x+2y-2x\right)=\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2y-x\right)\)
g) \(\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(a-b\right)^3=\left(a+b+a-b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-a^2+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)=2a\left(a^2+3b^2\right)\)
h) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2=\left(3x+1+x+1\right)\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\\ =\left(4x+2\right)\cdot2x=4x\left(2x+1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Kết quả 2x(2x – 3). b) Kết quả xy( x 2 – 2xy + 5).
c) Kết quả 2x(x + 1)(x + 4). d) Kết quả 2 5 ( y − 1 ) ( x + y ) .
a, \(25\left(x-2\right)^2-100\left(y-3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5x-10\right)^2-\left(10y-30\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5x-10-10y+30\right)\left(5x-10+10y-30\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-10y+20\right)\left(5x+10y-40\right)\)
\(=25\left(x-2y+4\right)\left(x+2y-8\right)\)
b, \(4\left(x+3\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x+6\right)^2-\left(3x+6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x+6-3x-6\right)\left(2x+6+3x+6\right)\)
\(=-x\left(5x+12\right)\)
c, \(x^2-10x-y^2+25\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-5\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
d, \(x^2-4x-y^2+4\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
e, \(\left(x^2+2\right)^2-2\left(x^2+2\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+2-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2\)