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1 Mary said: " Are you hungry Quynh"
=> Mary asked Quynh if she was hungry
2 Peter sais when will you get back from New YorkJohn?
=> Peter asked John when he would get back from New York
3 Peter said how long does it take to get to New York John?
=> Peter asked John how long it took to get to New York
4 Tom said can you swim lam?
=> Tom asked Lam if she/he could swim
5The hunter said do you hear the roar of a lion Joe
=> The hunter asked Joe if she heared the roar of a lion
6 Mary said is your new baby a boy or a girl Mrs Jane
=> Mary asked Mrs Jane whether her new baby a boy or a girl
7 Favis said may I borrow your car Emily
=> Favis asked Emily if he might borrow her car
viết thành câu gián tiếp
chuyển câu sau thành câu gián tiếp:
a, the tourists said to the guider:" how do you impove your english? "
=> The tourists asked the guider how he improved his English
b, my mother said to me:" why do you come to school late?"
=> My mother asked me why I came to school late
c, she said to him:"what will we do tomorrrow?"
=> She asked him what they would do the following day
a, The tourists told the guider how he/she improved his/her english.
b, My mother told me why I came to school late.
c, She told him what they would do the next day.
bạn đọc vào đây để tìm nhé
I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
The teacher asked the boy when he invented those things.
The alien asked me how many hands I had
1.The teacher asked the boy :"when đi you invent these things?"
=>The teacher asked the boy when did you invent these things?
2.The alien asked me:"How many hands do you have? "
=> The alien asked me how many hands I have?"
Chuyển sang câu gián tiếp
1)Daniel said to Jim''Is there a cafe nearby?'
=>Daniel asked Jim if there was a cafe nearby.
2)''Do you know when he will come here?''Lien said to me
=>Lien asked me if l knew when he would come there.
3)''Where are you going?'' they asked me
=>They asked me where l was going.
4)''What do your parents do?''She asked me
=>She asked me what my parents did.
5)''How can I helip you?''I asked him
=>l asked him how l could help him.
6)''Which book do you like?''I asked the boy
=>l asked the boy which book he liked.
7)''Who are you waiting for?''I asked her
=>l asked her who she was waiting for.
8)Henry said,''I want to buy a new schollbag my brother''
=>Henry said that she wanted to buy a new schoolbag her brother.
9)The students said''We 'll have a test tomorrow''
=>The students said that they would have a test the next day.
10)Long said to Quang ''I may come when I've finished to homework''
=>Long asked Quang he might come when he had finished to homework.
Chuyển sang câu gián tiếp
1)Daniel said to Jim''Is there a cafe nearby?''
=> Daniel said to Jim that there was a cafe nearby.
2)''Do you know when he will come here?''Lien said to me
=> Lien said to me that I knew when he will come here.
3)''Where are you going?'' they asked me
=> They asked me where I was going.
4)''What do your parents do?''She asked me
=> She asked me what did my parents do.
5)''How can I helip you?''I asked him
=> I asked him that how could I help him.
6)''Which book do you like?''I asked the boy
=> I asked the boy which book did he like.
7)''Who are you waiting for?''I asked her
=> I asked her that who was she waiting for.
8)Henry said,''I want to buy a new schollbag my brother''
=> Henry said that he wanted to buy a new schoolbag for his brother.
9)The students said''We 'll have a test tomorrow''
=> The students said they would have a test the day after.
10)Long said to Quang ''I may come when I've finished to homework''
=> Long said to Quang that he may come when he had finished to homework.
1. She asked him if his house is near her house
2. He asked me if my house near his house
3. I asked her if she could explain her answer for me
4. She asked us if our mom went out with us
5. We asked them if their son is tall or short
#chanh
1. She asked him that if my house near her house
3. I asked her that if she could explain the answer for me
4. She asked us that if I went out with my mum
5.We asked them that if their son tall or short
1 .what do you want , my boy ?
=> She asked her son what he wanted.
2.who will come to the pictures with me ?
=> She asked us who would come to the pictures with her.
3 is your new baby a boy or a girl,Mrs Brown ?
=> She asked Mrs Brown if her new baby was a boy or a girl.
4 .May I borrow your bicycle ,Nam ?
=> She asked Nam if she could borrow his bicycle.
5.When will you get back from Peking, Mr.Counsellor ?
=> She asked Mr. Counsellor when he would get back from Peking.