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\(n_{N_2O}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_A=27a+24b=12.6\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
Bào toàn e :
\(3a+2b=0.15\cdot8\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.3\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.2\cdot27}{12.6}\cdot100\%=42.85\%\)
\(\%Mg=57.15\%\)
1.1. Al + NaOH + H2O ==> NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
nH2(1)=3,36/22,4=0.15(mol)
=> nAl(1)= nH2(1):3/2= 0.15:3/2= 0.1(mol)
2.Mg + 2HCl ==> MgCl2 + H2
3.2Al + 6HCl ==> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
4.Fe + 2HCl ==> FeCl2 + H2
=> \(n_{H_2\left(2,3,4\right)}=\) 10.08/22.4= 0.45(mol)
=> nH2(3)=0.1*3/2=0.15(mol)
MgCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
AlCl3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
FeCl2 + 2NaOH ==> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
a) Gọi số mol Fe, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 56a + 24b = 1,04 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------------->a
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b---->2b------------->b
=> a + b = 0,03 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,01 (mol); b = 0,02 (mol)
mFe = 0,01.56 = 0,56 (g)
mMg = 0,02.24 = 0,48 (g)
b) nHCl(lý thuyết) = 2a + 2b = 0,06 (mol)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,06.110}{100}=0,066\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd.HCl\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{0,066}{0,1}=0,66\left(l\right)\)
\(Mg\left(x\right)+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(x\right)\)
\(2Al\left(y\right)+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1,5y\right)\)
\(Fe\left(z\right)+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(z\right)\)
\(Mg\left(x\right)+Cl_2\left(x\right)\rightarrow MgCl_2\)
\(2Al\left(y\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5y\right)\rightarrow2AlCl_3\)
\(2Fe\left(z\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5z\right)\rightarrow2FeCl_3\)
Gọi số mol của Mg, Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp lần lược là x, y, z ta có
\(24x+27y+56z=26,05\left(1\right)\)
Số mol H2: \(\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+z=0,6\left(2\right)\)
Số mol Cl2 là: \(\frac{17,36}{22,4}=0,775\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có hệ: \(\left\{\begin{matrix}24x+27y+56z=26,05\\x+1,5y+z=0,6\\x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\end{matrix}\right.\)
M ra đáp số âm không biết có phải do đề sai không
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
a--->2a------------------>a
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b-------------------->1,5b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+1,5b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.2+0,2.3\right).36,5}{300}.100\%=12,167\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nFe : a , nAl: b (a,b>0) => 56a + 27b = 16,6 (g)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a a
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b \(\dfrac{3b}{2}\)
=> \(a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\)
ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=16,6\\a+\dfrac{3b}{2}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,2 , b = 0,2
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=16,6-11,2=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6
=> \(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,6\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{200}.100\%=18,25\%\)
Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2
x-----2x-----------------x
Mg+2Hcl->MgCl2+h2
y-------2y----------------y
a)
ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=10,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,05625 , y=0,29375
=>m Fe=0,05625.56=3,15g
=>m Mg=7,05g
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,05625.2+0,29375.2}{0,1}\)=7l=7000ml
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
2a_____4a______2a____2a (mol)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b______3b______b______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\\24\cdot2a+56a+27b=15,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{15,8}\cdot100\%=35,44\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{15,8}=34,18\%\\\%m_{Mg}=30,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo các PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)