tính S\(S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
=> S < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
S < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(S< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)(do 1/100 >0)
ĐPcm
Giải:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{99^2}+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99^2}=\dfrac{1}{99.99}< \dfrac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
Vậy S < 1.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{n^4+2n^3+3n^2+2n+1}{n^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(n^2+n+1\right)^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\frac{n^2+n+1}{n\left(N+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
Thế vào bài toán ta được
\(S=1+1+...+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=98+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{9849}{100}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Với mọi n thuộc N ta có :
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}+\frac{2}{n}-\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{2}{\left(n+1\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)^2}=1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
Áp dụng ta được :
\(S=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+....+\left(1+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=98+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=98+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{9849}{100}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
S=\(3\left(1+\frac{1}{1+2}+\frac{1}{1+2+3}+...+\frac{1}{1+2+3+...+100}\right)\)
\(S=3\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{5050}\right)\)
\(S=3.\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{10100}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{100.101}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{3}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{3}{2}.\frac{100}{101}=\frac{150}{101}\)
S = \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+....+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
2S = \(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
2S - S = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
=> S = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
bài này làm theo công thức bạn nhé