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Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{2}{48}+\dfrac{3}{47}+...+\dfrac{49}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{S}{P}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}}{\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{2}{48}+\dfrac{3}{47}+...+\dfrac{49}{1}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}}{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{49}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{2}{48}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{48}{2}\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}}{\dfrac{50}{49}+\dfrac{50}{48}+\dfrac{50}{47}+...+\dfrac{50}{2}+\dfrac{50}{50}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}}{50\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{50}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{S}{P}=\dfrac{1}{50}\)
Bài 2:
Ta có:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}\right)\)
Nhận xét:
\(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}< \dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}< \dfrac{1}{40}+\dfrac{1}{40}=\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(S=\frac{3}{1^2\cdot2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2\cdot3^2}+\frac{7}{3^2\cdot4^2}+...+\frac{99}{49^2\cdot50^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+.....+\frac{1}{49^2}-\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{50^2}=\frac{2499}{2500}\)
\(T=\frac{1}{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(50-1\right)\left(50+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1\cdot3}+\frac{1}{2\cdot4}+\frac{1}{3\cdot5}+...+\frac{1}{49\cdot51}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{51}\right)=\frac{151}{204}\)
Vì \(\frac{2499}{2500}>\frac{151}{204}\)nên S>T
JOKER_Võ Văn Quốc, T = \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)mới đúng
Sẽ dễ hơn nếu bạn chia ra 2 vế \(\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\)và \(\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{4.6}+...+\frac{1}{48+50}\)
\(M=\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{8}{9}\cdot\frac{15}{16}\cdot\cdot\cdot\cdot\frac{9999}{10000}\)
\(=\frac{1.3}{2.2}\cdot\frac{2.4}{3.3}\cdot\frac{3.5}{4.4}\cdot\cdot\cdot\cdot\frac{99.101}{100.100}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{101}{100}=\frac{101}{200}\)
Xét vế phải :
\(VP=\frac{99}{50}-\frac{97}{49}+...+\frac{7}{4}-\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3}{2}-1\)
\(=2.\left(\frac{99}{100}-\frac{97}{98}+...+\frac{7}{8}-\frac{5}{6}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)-\left(1-\frac{1}{98}\right)+...+\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)-\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\right]\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{26}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}=VT\Rightarrow\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{49}{1}+\frac{48}{2}+\frac{47}{3}+...+\frac{2}{48}+\frac{1}{49}\)
\(=1+1+...+1+\frac{48}{2}+\frac{47}{3}+...+\frac{2}{48}+\frac{1}{49}\)(có 49 số 1)
\(=\left(1+\frac{48}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{47}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{2}{48}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{49}\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{50}{2}+\frac{50}{3}+...+\frac{50}{48}+\frac{50}{49}+\frac{50}{50}\)
\(=50\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.
S4 = 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 492 + 502
S4 = 1 + 2 ( 1 + 1 ) + 3 ( 2 + 1 ) + ... + 49 ( 48 + 1 ) + 50 ( 49 + 1 )
S4 = 1 + 1.2 + 2 + 2.3 + 3 + ... + 48 . 49 + 49 + 49 . 50 + 50
S4 = ( 1 + 2 + 3 + ... 49 + 50 ) + ( 1.2 + 2.3 + ... + 48 . 49 + 49 . 50 )
đặt A = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... 49 + 50
Ta tính được : A = 1275
đặt B = 1.2 + 2.3 + ... + 48 . 49 + 49 . 50
3B = 1.2.3 + 2.3.3 + ... + 48.49.3 + 49.50.3
3B = 1.2.3 + 2.3.(4-1) + ... + 48.49.(50-47) + 49.50.(51-48)
3B = 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 - 1.2.3 + ... + 48.49.50 - 47.48.49 + 49.50.51-48.49.50
3B = 49.50.51
B = 49.50.51 : 3 = 41650
=> S4 = 41650 + 1275 = 42925
S5 = 13 + 23 + 33 + ... 493 + 503
S5 = 1 + 22 ( 1 + 1 ) + 32 ( 2 + 1 ) + ... 492 ( 48 + 1 ) + 502 ( 49 + 1 )
S5 = 12 + 1.22 + 22 + 2.32 + 32 + ... + 48.492 + 492 + 49.502 + 502
S5 = ( 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 492 + 502 ) + ( 1.22 + 2.32 + ... + 48.492 + 49.502 )
đặt Y = 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 492 + 502
Y = 42925
đặt M = 1.22 + 2.32 + ... + 48.492 + 49.502
M = 1.2.(3-1) + 2.3.(4-1) + ... + 48.49.(50-1) + 49.50.(51-48)
M = (1.2.3+2.3.4+...+48.49.50+49.50.51)-(1.2+2.3+...+48.49+49.50)
đến đây đơn giản rồi
Tính
S4=12+22+32+...+492+502S^4=1^2+2^2+3^2+...+49^2+50^2S4=12+22+32+...+492+502
S5=13+23+33+...+493+503S^5=1^3+2^3+3^3+...+49^3+50^3S5=13+23+33+...+493+503