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PTHH: CH3COOH+C2H5OH→CH3COOC2H5+H2O
Ta có:
nCH3COOH = 120.15%/60=0,3mol
=> nC2H5OH = nCH3COOH=0,3mol
mC2H5OH = 0,3.46 = 13,8g
=> VC2H5OH = 13,8/0,8 = 17,25ml
=> mH2O = 40−13,8 = 26,2g
=> VH2O=26,2/1=26,2ml
=> Dr=17,25/26,2.100 = 65,84
\(V_{C_2H_5OH\left(\text{nguyên chất}\right)}=16.71,875\%=11,5\left(ml\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH\left(\text{nguyên chất}\right)}=11,5.0,8=9,2\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH\left(\text{nguyên chất}\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{46}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C2H5OH + 2K ---> 2C2H5OK + H2
0,2 0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow[]{mengiấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{115\cdot0,8}{46}=2\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_3COOH\left(lýthuyết\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOH\left(thực\right)}=2\cdot60\cdot90\%=108\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+CH_3COOH\xrightarrow[H_2SO_4\left(đ\right)]{t^o}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{60}{60}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{92}{46}=2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Rượu còn dư, Axit p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(lýthuyết\right)}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(thực\right)}=1\cdot88\cdot80\%=70,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{10.96}{100}=9,6\left(ml\right)\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=9,6.0,8=7,68\left(g\right)\\ n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{7,68}{46}=\dfrac{96}{575}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C2H5OH + 2Na ---> 2C2H5ONa + H2
\(\dfrac{96}{575}\)------------------------------------->\(\dfrac{48}{575}\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{48}{575}.22,4=1,87\left(l\right)\)
\(b,V_{dd}=12+10,6=20,6\left(ml\right)\\ Đ_r=\dfrac{9,6}{20,6}.100=46,6^o\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_5OH}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2C2H5OH + 2Na ---> 2C2H5ONa + H2
a --------------------------------------------> 0,5a
2H2O + 2Na ---> 2NaOH + H2
b --------------------------------> 0,5b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}46a+18b=20,2\\0,5a+0,5b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,4\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,4.46=18,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{18,4}{0,8}=23\left(ml\right)\\V_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,8}{1}=1,8\left(ml\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> Độ rượu là: \(\dfrac{23}{23+1,8}=92,74^o\)