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\(x,y,z>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Caushy cho 3 số ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3}=3xyz\ge3.1=3\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x^2+y+z}+\dfrac{y^3-1}{x+y^2+z}+\dfrac{z^3-1}{x+y+z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z^2\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Caushy-Schwarz ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(3-3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}=0\)
\(P=0\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=0\)
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Đặt \(P=xyz\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2z=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\left(2016-x-y\right)\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\y\ge9\\z\ge1951\\x+y=2016-z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow11\le x+y\le65\)
Đặt \(x+y=a\Rightarrow11\le a\le65\)
\(4P\le a^2\left(2016-a\right)=-a^3+2016a^2-8242975+8242975\)
\(4P\le\left(65-a\right)\left[\left(a^2-65^2\right)-1951\left(a-11\right)-144051\right]+8242975\le8242975\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{8242975}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=\dfrac{65}{2}\\z=1951\end{matrix}\right.\)
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