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c)D=4+42+43+44+...+42012
D=(4+42)+(43+44)+...+(42011+42012)
D=4.5+43.5+45.5+...+42011.5
D=5.(4+43+42011)
=>D chia hết cho 5
=>ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+3^4\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+3^{2008}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\)
\(=120+3^4.120+...+3^{2008}.120=120\left(1+3^4+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮120\)
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}+3^{2011}+3^{2012}\right)\)
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+...+3^{2008}\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\)
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)\left(1+3^4+...+3^{2008}\right)\)
\(A=120\left(1+3^4+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮120\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A=(3^0+3^1+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6+3^7)+...+(3^2009+3^2010+3^2011+3^2012)
A=40+3^4*(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^2009*(1+3+3^2+3^3)
A-1=40+80*40+...+3^2009*40
A-1=40*(1+80+..+3^2009)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A= 1 +(3^1+3^2+3^3+3^4)+..............................+(3^2009+3^2010+3^2011+3^2012)
A=1+120+................................+3^2009*(3^1+3^2+3^3+3^4)
A=1+(1+.....................+3^2009)*120
Vì 120 chia hết cho 40
suy ra (1+..........................+3^2009) chia hết cho 40
suy ra A chia 40 dư 1
suy ra A-1 chia hết cho 40
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Vì 13 là lẻ \(\Rightarrow\) 13, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136 là lẻ.
Mà lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ = chẵn nên 13 + 132 + 133 + 134 + 135 + 136 là chẵn. \(\Rightarrow\) 13 + 132 + 133 + 134 + 135 + 136 \(⋮\) 2
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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A = 30 + 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32011 + 32012
A = 1+( 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32011 + 32012
A-1 = 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 32011 + 32012
A-1 có 2012 số hạng ,nhóm 4 số hạng liên tiếp với nhau , ta được 503 nhóm :
A-1=3(1+3+3^2+3^3)+3^5(1+3+3^2+3^3)+....+3^2009(1+3+3^2+3^3)=40.(3+3^5+...+3^2009)
=> (A-1) chia hết cho 40
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1 : \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{31}\)
a. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9.\left(1.3.3^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13+3^9.13\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13.\left(1+...+3^9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮13\)
b. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40+...+3^8.40\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(C=3+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)
\(\Rightarrow3.(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}.(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)
\(\Rightarrow3.40+...+3^{97}.40\)
Vì tất cả các số hạng của biểu thức C đều chia hết cho 40
\(\Rightarrow C⋮40\)
Vậy \(C⋮40\)
Ta có: \(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2012}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}+3^{2011}+3^{2012}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^5\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{2009}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(=3.40+3^5.40+...+3^{2009}.40\)
\(=120+3^4.120+...+3^{2008}.120\)
\(=120\left(1+3^4+...+3^{2008}\right)\)
Vì \(120⋮120\) nên \(120\left(1+3^4+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮120\)
hay \(A⋮120\) (đpcm)