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1.
\(\frac{2x+3}{4}-\frac{5x+3}{6}=\frac{3-4x}{12}\)
\(MC:12\)
Quy đồng :
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3.\left(2x+3\right)}{12}-\left(\frac{2.\left(5x+3\right)}{12}\right)=\frac{3x-4}{12}\)
\(\frac{6x+9}{12}-\left(\frac{10x+6}{12}\right)=\frac{3x-4}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+9-\left(10x+6\right)=3x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+9-3x=-4-9+16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{7}\)
2.\(\frac{3.\left(2x+1\right)}{4}-1=\frac{15x-1}{10}\)
\(MC:20\)
Quy đồng :
\(\frac{15.\left(2x+1\right)}{20}-\frac{20}{20}=\frac{2.\left(15x-1\right)}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15\left(2x+1\right)-20=2\left(15x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30x+15-20=15x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{15}=\frac{1}{5}\)
a/ Do \(x=0\) không phải nghiệm, pt tương đương:
\(\frac{3}{x+\frac{3}{x}-1}-\frac{2}{x+\frac{3}{x}-3}=-1\)
Đặt \(x+\frac{3}{x}-3=a\) ta được:
\(\frac{3}{a+2}-\frac{2}{a}=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a-2\left(a+2\right)=-a\left(a+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{3}{x}-3=1\\x+\frac{3}{x}-3=-4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x+3=0\\x^2+x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ Đặt \(x^2+2x+\frac{5}{2}=a>0\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=5\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8a^2+2=5\left(a^4-\frac{1}{2}a^2+\frac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^4-\frac{21}{2}a^2-\frac{27}{16}=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\frac{9}{4}\\a^2=-\frac{3}{20}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2x+\frac{5}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\\x^2+2x+\frac{5}{2}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{x+1}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x}{x-1}\right)^2+\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}-\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}-\frac{10}{9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{x}{x-1}\right)^2-\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}-\frac{10}{9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}\right)^2-\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}-\frac{10}{9}=0\)
Đặt \(\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}=a\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-a-\frac{10}{9}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{5}{3}\\a=-\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}=\frac{5}{3}\\\frac{2x^2}{x^2-1}=-\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-5\left(l\right)\\x^2=\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\pm\frac{1}{2}\)
d/ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{36}{x^2}\right)-13\left(x-\frac{6}{x}\right)=0\)
Đặt \(x-\frac{6}{x}=a\Rightarrow x+\frac{36}{x^2}=a^2+12\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-13a+12=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{6}{x}=1\\x-\frac{6}{x}=12\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-6=0\\x^2-12x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(\frac{7}{8}x-5\left(x-9\right)=\frac{20x+1,5}{6}\)
<=> \(\frac{21x}{24}-\frac{100\left(x-9\right)}{24}=\frac{80x+6}{24}\)
<=> 21x - 100x + 900 = 80x + 6
<=> -79x - 80x = 6 - 900
<=> -159x = -894
<=> x = 258/53
Vậy S = {258/53}
2) \(\frac{\left(2x+1\right)^2}{5}-\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{3}=\frac{7x^2-14x-5}{15}\)
<=> \(\frac{3\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)}{15}-\frac{5\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{15}=\frac{7x^2-14x-5}{15}\)
<=> 12x2 + 12x + 3 - 5x2 - 10x - 5 = 7x2 - 14x - 5
<=> 7x2 + 2x - 7x2 + 14x = -5 + 2
<=> 16x = 3
<=> x = 3/16
Vậy S = {3/16}
3) 4(3x - 2) - 3(x - 4) = 7x+ 10
<=> 12x - 8 - 3x + 12 = 7x + 10
<=> 9x - 7x = 10 - 4
<=> 2x = 6
<=> x = 3
Vậy S = {3}
4) \(\frac{\left(x+10\right)\left(x+4\right)}{12}-\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(2-x\right)}{4}=\frac{\left(x+10\right)\left(x-2\right)}{3}\)
<=> \(\frac{x^2+14x+40}{12}+\frac{3\left(x^2+2x-8\right)}{12}=\frac{4\left(x^2+8x-20\right)}{12}\)
<=> x2 + 14x + 40 + 3x2 + 6x - 24 = 4x2 + 32x - 80
<=> 4x2 + 20x - 4x2 - 32x = -80 - 16
<=> -12x = -96
<=> x = 8
Vậy S = {8}
Vê trái:
\(=\frac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{20}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x-10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\)
Vế phải:
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-9\right)}{\left(x-9\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-9}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\) = vế phải
=> đpcm
\(\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{3x^2}{x^3-1}=\frac{2x}{x^2+x+1}\left(x\ne1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{3x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{3x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{3x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\frac{2x^2-2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\left(x^2+x+1-3x^2-2x^2+2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x+1=0\left(\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+4x-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\-4x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\-4x=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\left(loại\right)\\x=\frac{-1}{4}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{-1}{4}\)