Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Bài làm:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+3abc-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
=> a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c=-a
=> Sẽ phải luôn tồn tại 2 trong 3 số a,b,c đối nhau
Ko mất tổng quát, g/s a=-b
=> \(\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=-\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\) (vì n lẻ)
Và \(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)^n}=\frac{1}{\left(-b+b+c\right)^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)^n}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+c}=\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(bc+ca+ab\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow abc+a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+abc+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2+abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow2abc+a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(abc+a^2b\right)+\left(ac^2+a^2c\right)+\left(b^2c+b^2a\right)+\left(bc^2+abc\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+c\right)+ac\left(a+c\right)+b^2\left(a+c\right)+bc\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+ac+b^2+bc\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(ab+ac\right)+\left(b^2+bc\right)\right]\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
Do đó trong a , b , c luôn có 2 số đối nhau.
Phần 2 : Do vai trò a , b , c như nhau nên coi \(a=-b\)( Do có 2 số đối nhau)
\(\Rightarrow a^n=-b^n\)(Vì n lẻ )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{a^n+b^n}{a^n.b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=0+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}=\frac{1}{\left(a^n+b^n\right)+c^n}=\frac{1}{0+c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}\)
Vậy ...
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a+b+c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b}{c(a+b+c)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{c(a+b+c)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a+b)[c(a+b+c)+ab]}{abc(a+b+c)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=0\)
Xét : \(A=\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}-\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}\)
\(A=\frac{a^n+b^n}{a^nb^n}+\frac{a^n+b^n}{c^n(a^n+b^n+c^n)}\)
\(A=(a^n+b^n)\left(\frac{1}{a^nb^n}+\frac{1}{c^n(a^n+b^n+c^n)}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{(a^n+b^n)[c^n(a^n+b^n+c^n)+a^nb^n]}{a^nb^nc^n(a^n+b^n+c^n)}\)
\(A=\frac{(a^n+b^n)(b^n+c^n)(c^n+a^n)}{a^nb^nc^n(a^n+b^n+c^n)}\)
Vì $n$ lẻ nên :
\((a^n+b^n)(b^n+c^n)(c^n+a^n)=(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)(a^{n-1}+....+b^{n-1})(b^{n-1}+..+c^{n-1})(c^{n-1}+...+a^{n-1})\)
\(=0\) do \((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=0\)
Do đó: \(A=0\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}\)
Ta có
\(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=1\)
Mà \(a^3+b^3+c^3=1\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do a;b ;c bình đẳng nên giả sử a = - b
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-b+b+c=1\Leftrightarrow c=1\)
\(A=a^n+b^n+c^n\) Do n là số TN lẻ nên
\(A=a^n+b^n+c^n=\left(-b\right)^n+b^n+c^n=-b^n+b^n+c^n=c^n=1^n=1\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc\right)+a\left(ab+ac+bc\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc\right)+a\left(ab+bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc\right)+a^2\left(c+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)=0\)
=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c = -a
Không mất tình tổng quát, giả sử a=-b -> a^n = -b^n ( n lẻ):
\(\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{a^n+b^b+c^n}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{a+b}{-\left(a+b+c\right).c}\)
TH1:a+b=0
=> a=-b
\(\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{\left(-b\right)^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)(vì n lẻ nên (-b)n âm)
\(\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}=\frac{1}{\left(-b\right)^n+b^n+c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
TH2: ab=-(a+b+c)
=> ab=-ac-bc-c2 => ab+ac=-bc-c2=> a.(b+c)=-b.(b+c)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=-b\\b=-c\end{cases}}\)c/m tương tự trường hợp 1 :))
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a+b+c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b+c-c}{\left(a+b+c\right)c}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)c}\right)=0\)
mà \(\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)c}\right)\ne0\)với mọi a,b,c
\(\Rightarrow\)a+b=0\(\Leftrightarrow\)a=-b là hai số đối nhau (1)
từ đó được \(a^n=-b^n\)với mọi n lẻ.
Khi đó \(\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)luôn đúng (2)
Từ (1)và(2) ta được đpcm
