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Lời giải :
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+b}+1-\frac{1}{1+c}+1-\frac{1}{1+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\) ( Cô-si )
Chứng minh tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\); \(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\);
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BĐT ta được :
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3b^3c^3d^3}{\left(a+1\right)^3\left(b+1\right)^3\left(c+1\right)^3\left(d+1\right)^3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\cdot\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge81\cdot abcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}\)
chết dòng thứ 5 từ dưới lên thiếu biến \(d\) trên tử số :( ai rủ lòng thương sửa hộ phát :>
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge1-\frac{1}{b+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+1}+1-\frac{1}{d+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương:
\(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge81abcd\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Vậy \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\) (Đpcm)
Bài 1.
A = 1/(a + 1) + 1/(b + 1) + 1/(c + 1) + 1/(d + 1) ≥ 3
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ 1 - 1/(b + 1) + 1 - 1/(c + 1) + 1 - 1/(d + 1)
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ b/(b + 1) + c/(c + 1) + d/(d + 1)
áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương:
b/(b + 1) + c/(c + 1) + d/(d + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(bcd)/[(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(bcd)/[(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)] tương tự
1/(b + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(acd)/[(a + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
1/(c + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(abd)/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(d + 1)]
1/(d + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(abc)/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)]
nhân theo vế → 1/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)] ≥ 81abcd/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
→ 1 ≥ 81abcd → abcd ≤ 1/81
TK NHA
Áp dụng BDT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge1-\frac{1}{b+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+1}+1-\frac{1}{d+1}\)
\(=\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự cho các BĐT còn lại cũng có:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
\(1-\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
cmtt rồi nhân 3 cái lại vs nhau => đpcm
Từ giả thiết => \(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1-\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{1}{a+1}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương : \(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\). Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân từ 4 bđt: \(1\ge81abcd\Rightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{c+a}\geq \frac{9}{b+c+c+a+c+a}=\frac{9}{3c+2a+b}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+b}\geq \frac{9}{a+c+a+b+a+b}=\frac{9}{3a+2b+c}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\geq \frac{9}{a+b+b+c+b+c}=\frac{9}{3b+2c+a}\)
Cộng theo vế rồi rút gọn ta thu được
\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\geq 3\left(\frac{1}{3a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+b}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Theo bất đẳng thức Cô-Si ta có
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{2}{a+b}=a+b+\frac{2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{2}+\left(\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{2}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{2}\cdot\frac{2}{a+b}}=1+2=3.\) (ĐPCM)
\(\frac{3}{a+2b}=\frac{3}{a+b+b}\le\frac{3}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3}{b+2c}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\) ; \(\frac{3}{c+2a}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(3\left(\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
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Giờ mình mới để ý , câu này có trong chuyên đề : Bất đẳng thức Cauchy (Cô si) của cô Nguyễn Linh Chi (ở phần dạng toán và hướng dẫn giải) (mình đã inbox link cho bạn rồi)
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