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ta có:\(\frac{a}{a+1}=1-\frac{1}{a+1};\frac{2b}{2+b}=2-\frac{4}{2+b};\frac{3c}{3+c}=3-\frac{9}{3+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{2+b}+\frac{3c}{3+c}\le\left(1+2+3\right)-\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{4}{b+2}+\frac{9}{c+3}\right)\)
\(\le6-\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+1+2+3}=6-\frac{36}{7}=\frac{6}{7}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+6a}+\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+2b}+\frac{6a+2b+3c+17}{1+3c}\ge18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\right)\ge18\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\ge\frac{9}{6a+2b+3c+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+6a}+\frac{1}{1+2b}+\frac{1}{1+3c}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(6a+2b+3c+17\right)\cdot\frac{9}{6a+2b+3c+3}\)
\(=\left(11+17\right)\cdot\frac{9}{11+3}=18=VP\)
\(1-\frac{a}{a+1}\ge\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{b^2c^3}{\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+3.\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{abc^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)^3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge25\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^2b^2c^6}{\left(a+1\right)^2\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^6}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+2.\frac{b}{b+1}+2.\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{ab^2c^2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^3}\ge125\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^3b^6c^6}{\left(a+1\right)^3\left(b+1\right)^6\left(c+1\right)^6}}\)
Nhân vế với vế:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}\ge5^6\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^5b^{10}c^{15}}{\left(a+1\right)^5\left(b+1\right)^{10}\left(c+1\right)^{15}}}=\frac{5^6ab^2c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^2c^3\le\frac{1}{5^6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(M=\left(a-\frac{6}{a+1}\right)+\left(2b-\frac{3}{b+1}\right)+\left(3c-\frac{2}{c+1}\right)\)
\(M=\left(a+2b+3c\right)-6\left(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{2b+2}+\frac{1}{3c+3}\right)\)
\(M\le6-\frac{6.\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+1+2b+2+3c+3}\)
\(M\le6-\frac{6.9}{6+6}=6-\frac{9}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=3;b=1;c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Câu 1
t8-t2+ \(\frac{1}{2}\)=t8 - t4+ \(\frac{1}{4}\) + t4-t2+\(\frac{1}{4}\) = (t4 -\(\frac{1}{2}\) )2 + (t2-\(\frac{1}{2}\))2 luôn lớn hơn không do t4-1/2 khác t2-1/2 nên cả hai không thể đồng thời bằng 0
Câu 2:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{3c}=\frac{6bc+3ac+2ab}{6abc}=0\)
=> 6bc+3ac+2ab=0
Có a+2b+3c=1=> (a+2b+3c)2=0=>a2+4b2+9c2+2(6bc+3ac+2ab)=1
=> a2+4b2+9c2 =1