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Ta có:
sigma \(\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}=\) sigma \(\frac{2ab}{5\left(a+b+2c\right)+\left(a+3b\right)}\le\frac{2}{36}\left(sigma\frac{5ab}{a+b+2c}+sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\right)\)
Ta đi chứng minh: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
có: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{c+a}+sigma\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
BĐT trên đúng nếu: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{a}+sigma\frac{3ab}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\)( sigma \(b+sigma3a\)) \(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sigma\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}\le\frac{1}{18}\left(5.\frac{9}{4}+\frac{9}{4}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)(1)
MÀ: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}}=\frac{2}{2\sqrt{\left(ab+2bc\right)\left(ab+2ca\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3}{9^2}=\frac{1}{27}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{27}=\frac{77}{108}\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức T là 77/108 <=> a=b=c=3
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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{3bc}+\frac{b}{2ca}+\frac{\sqrt{6}c^2}{6}\ge\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\(\frac{3b}{2ca}+\frac{3c}{ab}+\frac{\sqrt{6}a^2}{6}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\(\frac{2a}{3bc}+\frac{2c}{ab}+\frac{\sqrt{6}b^2}{6}\ge\sqrt{6}\)
Cộng theo vế ta có: \(P\ge2\sqrt{6}\).
Dấu "=" khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\sqrt{3}\\b=\sqrt{2}\\c=1\end{cases}}\)
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\(\left(\frac{47}{12}\right)^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.\sqrt{3}a+\frac{1}{2}.2b+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{5}c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{47}{12}\right)^2\le\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}\right)\left(3a^2+4b^2+5c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{\left(\frac{47}{12}\right)^2}{\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}}=\frac{235}{12}\)
\(A_{min}=\frac{235}{12}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=\frac{47}{12}\\3a=4b=5c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{5}{3}\\b=\frac{5}{4}\\c=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
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Với dự đoán P đạt Min tại \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{3}\Rightarrow P=\frac{9}{20}\). Nên ta chứng minh \(P\ge\frac{9}{20}\).Thật vậy:\(P=\Sigma\frac{a}{ab+5c}=\Sigma\frac{a}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{a\left(a+b\right)+b\left(b+c\right)+c\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)}{3}\right]^3}=\frac{9}{20}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{3}\)
Vậy..
với a,b,c dương
\(P+12=\left(\frac{3a}{b+c}+3\right)+\left(\frac{4b}{a+c}+4\right)+\left(\frac{5c}{a+b}+5\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{3}{b+c}+\frac{4}{c+a}+\frac{5}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{2}\)