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PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
a______________a (mol)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
b_______________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+74b=27,4\\58,5a++111b=40,35\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot74}{27,4}\cdot100\%\approx27,01\%\\\%m_{NaOH}=72,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
a_____________a (mol)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
b_____________b
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+56b=3,04\\58,5a+74,5b=4,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,02\\b=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow...\)
NaOH + HCl -----> NaCl + H2O
x -------->x ----------->x mol
KOH + HCl ------> KCl + H2O
y ------->y ------------>y mol
=> ta co he: 40x + 56y=3,04 va 58,5x + 74,5y = 4,15
=>x =0,02mol, y=0,04 mol
Vay m NaOH= 40*0,02 =0,8g
m KOH= 0,04*56=2,24g
a) nNaOH = 0,6.1 = 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: NaOH + CH3COOH --> CH3COONa + H2O
0,6----->0,6
=> mCH3COOH = 0,6.60 = 36 (g)
=> mC2H5OH = 45,2 - 36 = 9,2 (g)
b) \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{9,2}{46}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + 2Na --> 2CH3COONa + H2
0,6---------------------------->0,3
2C2H5OH + 2Na --> 2C2H5ONa + H2
0,2--------------------------->0,1
=> V = (0,3 + 0,1).22,4 = 8,96 (l)
Ta có:
n H2 = 0,05 ( mol )
1.PTHH
Fe + H2SO4 ====> FeSO4 + H2
FeO + H2SO4 ====> FeSO4 + H2O
theo pthh: n Fe = n H2 = 0,05 ( mol )
=> m Fe = 2,8 ( g )
=> m FeO = 7,2 ( g ) => n FeO = 0,1 ( mol )
2.
theo pthh: n H2SO4 = 0,05 + 0,1 = 0,15
=> m H2SO4 = 14,7 ( g )
=> m dd H2SO4 9,8% = 150 ( g )
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1 0,1
1) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeO}=10-2,8=7,2\left(g\right)\)
2) Có : \(m_{FeO}=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{7,2}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4\left(tổng\right)}=0,05+0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{9,8}=150\left(g\right)\)
3) \(n_{FeSO4\left(tổng\right)}=0,05+0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeSO4}=0,15.152=22,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=10+150-\left(0,05.2\right)=159,9\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{FeSO4}=\dfrac{22,8.100}{159,9}=14,26\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,3 0,6 0,3
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=11,2-7,2=4\left(g\right)\)
c) 0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{7,2.100}{11,2}=64,29\)0/0
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{4.100}{11,2}=35,71\)0/0
d) Có : \(m_{MgO}=4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,6+0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,8.36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{29,2.100}{200}=14,6\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=1\cdot24=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{32}\cdot100\%=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{MgO}=2\cdot\dfrac{32-24}{40}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=2,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=1200\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma n_{HCl}=1,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma m_{MgCl_2}=1,2\cdot95=114\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=1\cdot2=2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=1230\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{114}{1230}\cdot100\%\approx9,27\%\)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{FeCl_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,25\cdot127=31,75\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{20}\cdot100\%=70\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=30\%\)
d) Sửa đề cho dễ làm: "dd HCl 7,3%"
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,5mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=250\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{250}{1,03}\approx242,72\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{342}{136}=2,5mol\)
Ca(OH)2+ZnCl2\(\rightarrow\)CaCl2+Zn(OH)2
x...............x
2NaOH+ZnCl2\(\rightarrow\)2NaCl+Zn(OH)2
y.............y/2
-Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}74x+40y=194\\x+\dfrac{y}{2}=2,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra x=1 và y=3
\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=1.74=74gam\)
\(m_{NaOH}=3.40=120gam\)
%Ca(OH)2=\(\dfrac{74.100}{194}\approx38,14\%\)
%NaOH=100%-38,14%=61,86%
Mình cảm ơn nha