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1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
BĐT
<=> \(\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac}{3\left(ac+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
<=>\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(\frac{a\left(a\left(b+c\right)+bc\right)}{b+c}+...\right)\)
<=> \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{abc}{b+c}+\frac{abc}{a+c}+\frac{abc}{a+b}\right)\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(\frac{abc}{b+c}+\frac{abc}{a+c}+\frac{abc}{a+b}\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{abc}{b+c}\le abc.\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(ab+bc\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT
<=>\(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\right)\)
=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)(luôn đúng )
=> ĐPCM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Cách này chủ yếu biến đổi tương đương nên chắc phù hợp với lớp 8
Nếu sử dụng SOS nhìn vào sẽ làm đc liền vì có Nesbitt lẫn \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ac}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 2 số không âm :
\(x^2+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{x^2}{x}}=2.\sqrt{x}\)
\(y^2+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{y^2}{y}}=2.\sqrt{y}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được :
\(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{x}+2.\sqrt{y}=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng mình
Ta đi chứng minh:\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)* đúng *
Khi đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+abc}\le\frac{a}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+abc}\le\frac{b}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\left(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}\right)\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}+\frac{a-b}{c}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{a}{b-c}\left(\frac{c-a}{b}+\frac{a-b}{c}\right)+\frac{b}{c-a}\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{a-b}{c}\right)+\frac{c}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{a}{b-c}.\frac{c^2-ac+ab-b^2}{bc}+\frac{b}{c-a}.\frac{bc-c^2+a^2-ab}{ac}+\frac{c}{a-b}.\frac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\)
\(=3+\frac{a\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)}{\left(b-c\right)bc}+\frac{b\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c-a\right)}{\left(c-a\right)ac}+\frac{c\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}\)
\(=3+\frac{2a^2}{bc}+\frac{2b^2}{ac}+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\)
\(=3+2.\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}\)
\(=3+2.\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\)
\(=3+2.\frac{0+3abc}{abc}\)
\(=9\left(đpcm\right)\)
a)
Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^2}{ab+bc}+\frac{c^2}{ac+bc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz , ta có :
\(A\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\) (1)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}\ge3\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) , suy ra : \(A\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]^2}{a+b+c}=4\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a-\left(c-b\right)}{b-c}+\frac{b-\left(a-c\right)}{c-a}+\frac{c-\left(b-a\right)}{a-b}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+\left(b-c\right)}{b-c}-1+\frac{b+\left(c-a\right)}{c-a}-1+\frac{c+\left(a-b\right)}{a-b}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(a-c\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{a+b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{a+c}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{a^2-b^2+c^2-a^2+b^2-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=0\)
Từ gt ta có : \(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}=0\)0
Từ đó suy ra điều phải chứng minh
\(\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)nha
Đặt \(P=\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)^2}+\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)^2}+\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)^2}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM cho 3 số dương a,b,c ta được:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)^2}+\frac{b+2c}{27}+\frac{b+2c}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)^2}.\frac{b+2c}{27}.\frac{b+2c}{27}}=\frac{a}{3}\)
\(\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)^2}+\frac{c+2a}{27}+\frac{c+2a}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)^2}.\frac{c+2a}{27}.\frac{c+2a}{27}}=\frac{b}{3}\)
\(\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)^2}+\frac{a+2b}{27}+\frac{a+2b}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)^2}.\frac{a+2b}{27}.\frac{a+2b}{27}}=\frac{c}{3}\)
Cộng từng vế ta được:
\(P+\)\(\frac{6\left(a+b+c\right)}{27}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
đặt x=a/(b-c)
y=b/(c-a)
z=c/(a-b)
khi đó đẳng thức cần cm trở thành:
(x+y+z)(1/x+1/y+1/z)=9
<=>1+x/y+x/z+y/x+1+y/z+z/x+z/y+1=9
<=>3+(x/y+y/x)+(x/z+z/x)+(y/z+z/y)=9
<=>x/y+y/x+x/z+z/x+y/z+z/y=6 (1)
dùng bđt :x/y+y/x>=2 với mọi x;y>0
khi đó x/y+y/x+x/z+z/x+y/z+z/y>=6 dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z>0 (2)
từ (1) và (2)=>x=y=z
<=>a/(b-c)=b/(c-a)=c/(a-b)
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