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Ví dụ 3: Giải phương trình : (4).
Giải: Ta có phương trình:
, phương trình này có nghiệm:
.
Do vậy
,
và
.
a) Ta có :\(2x^4-x^3-9x^2+13x-5=0=>\left(x-1\right)^3\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
=>\(\left\{\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^3=0\\2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x=-5\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình S={-2,5 ;1}
b)\(x^4-2x^3-11x^2+12x+36=0=>\left(x-3\right)^2\left(x+2\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left\{\begin{matrix}\left(x-3\right)^2=0=>x-3=0=>x=3\\\left(x+2\right)^2=0=>x+2=0=>x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của pt là S={-2;3}
a) 2x - 3 > 3(x - 2)
⇔ 2x - 3 > 3x - 6
⇔ 2x - 3x > -6 + 3
⇔ -x > -3
⇔ x < 3
Vậy S = {x | x < 3}
b) (12x + 1)/12 ≤ (9x + 1)/3 - (8x + 1)/4
⇔ 12x + 1 ≤ 4(9x + 1) - 3(8x + 1)
⇔ 12x + 1 ≤ 36x + 4 - 24x - 3
⇔ 12x - 36x + 24x ≤ 4 - 3 - 1
⇔ 0x ≤ 0 (luôn đúng với mọi x)
Vậy S = R
a: =>2x-3>3x-6
=>-x>-3
=>x<3
b: =>12x+1<=36x+4-24x-3
=>12x+1<=12x+1
=>0x<=0(luôn đúng)
a) \(x^4+2x^3-12x^2-13x+42=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+3x^3-x^3-3x^2-9x^2-27x+14x+42=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x+3\right)-x^2\left(x+3\right)-9x\left(x+3\right)+14\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^3-x^2-9x+14\right)=0\)
\(x^4+2x^3+5x^2+4x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3+3x^3-3x^2+8x^2-8x^2+12x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-1\right)+3x^2\left(x-1\right)+8x\left(x-1\right)+12\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+8x+12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x+6x+12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[x^2\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)+6\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)=0\)
Ta có:
\(x^2+x+6=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{23}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{23}{4}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...........
\(a.\frac{4x-3}{x-5}=\frac{29}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(4x-3\right)}{3\left(x-5\right)}=\frac{29\left(x-5\right)}{3\left(x-5\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(4x-3\right)=29\left(x-5\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(4x-3\right)-29\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow12x-9-29x+145=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-17x+136=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-17x=-136\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-136}{-17}=8\)
\(b.\frac{2x-1}{5-3x}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{2x-1}{5-3x}=\frac{4}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(2x-1\right)}{2\left(5-3x\right)}=\frac{4\left(5-3x\right)}{2\left(5-3x\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(2x-1\right)=4\left(5-3x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(2x-1\right)-4\left(5-3x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-2-20+12x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow16x-22=0\\ \Leftrightarrow16x=22\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{22}{16}=\frac{11}{8}\)
\(c.\frac{4x-5}{x-1}=\frac{2+x}{x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-5=2+x\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-5-2-x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x-7=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=7\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{3}\)
\(d.\frac{7}{x+2}=\frac{3}{x-5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{7\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)}=\frac{3\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow7\left(x-5\right)=3\left(x+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow7\left(x-5\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow7x-35-3x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-41=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x=41\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{41}{4}\)
\(e.\frac{2x+5}{2x}-\frac{x}{x+5}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x+5\right)}{2x\left(x+5\right)}-\frac{x.2x}{2x\left(x+5\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(x+5\right)-2x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+10x+5x+25-2x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow15x+25=0\\ \Leftrightarrow15x=-25\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-25}{15}=\frac{-5}{3}\)
\(f.\frac{12x+1}{11x-4}+\frac{10x-4}{9}=\frac{20x+17}{18}\\\Leftrightarrow\frac{18\left(12x+1\right)}{18\left(11x-4\right)}+\frac{\left(10x-4\right).2\left(11x-4\right)}{9.2\left(11x-4\right)}=\frac{\left(20x+17\right)\left(11x-4\right)}{18\left(11x-4\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow18\left(12x+1\right)+\left(10x-4\right).2\left(11x-4\right)=\left(20x+17\right)\left(11x-4\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow220x^2+48x+50=220x^2+107x-68\\ \Leftrightarrow48x+50=107x-68\\ \Leftrightarrow48x-107x=-68-50\\ \Leftrightarrow59x=-118\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Câu 1:
\(x^4+5x^3-12x^2+5x+1=x^4+7x^3+x^2-2x^3-14x^2-x+x^2+7x+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+7x^3+x^2\right)-\left(2x^3+14x^2+x\right)+\left(x^2+7x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+7x+1\right)-2x\left(x^2+7x+1\right)+\left(x^2+7x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(x^2+7x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+7x+1\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)\left(x-10\right)-24x^2=x^4-24x^3+203x^2-720x+900-24x^2\)
\(=x^4-24x^3+179x^2-720x+900\)
\(=\left(x^4-7x^3+30x^2\right)-\left(17x^3-119x^2+510x\right)+\left(30x^2-210x+900\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-7x+30\right)-17x\left(x^2-7x+30\right)+30\left(x^2-7x+30\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-17x+30\right)\left(x^2-7x+30\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x-15x+30\right)\left(x^2-7x+30\right)\)
\(=\left[x\left(x-2\right)-15\left(x-2\right)\right]\left(x^2-7x+30\right)\)
\(=\left(x-15\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-7x+30\right)\)
Câu 3:
\(2x^3+11x^2+3x-36=\left(2x^3+14x^2+24x\right)-\left(3x^2+21x+36\right)\)
\(=2x\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-3\left(x^2+7x+12\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+4x+12\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)\left[x\left(x+3\right)+4\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
a) \(4x^2-49=0\)
<=> \(\left(2x-7\right)\left(2x+7\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-7=0\\2x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{7}{2}\\x=-\frac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) x2 + 36 = 12x
<=>x2 + 36 - 12x=0
<=> (x-6)2=0
<=> x-6 =0
<=> x=6