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\(A=\frac{3x^2-8x+1}{x-3}=\frac{3\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+10\left(x-3\right)+4}{x-3}=\frac{3\left(x-3\right)^2+10\left(x-3\right)+4}{x-3}=3\left(x-3\right)+10+\frac{4}{x-3}\)
A là số nguyên khi (x-3) là ước của 4 . Liệt kê ra.
a/ \(A=\frac{2x^3-6x^2+x-8}{x-3}=2x^2+1-\frac{5}{x-3}\)
Từ đây ta thấy A nguyên khi x - 3 là ước nguyên của 5 hay
\(\left(x-3\right)=\left(-5,-1,1,5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left(-2,2,4,8\right)\)
b/ \(B=\frac{x^4-16}{x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16}=\frac{\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{x+2}{x-2}=1+\frac{4}{x-2}\)
Để B nguyên thì x - 2 phải là ước nguyên của 4 hay
\(\left(x-2\right)=\left(-4,-2,-1,1,2,4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left(-2,0,1,3,4,6\right)\)
a) ta có: \(A=\frac{2x}{x-2}=\frac{2x-4+4}{x-2}=\frac{2.\left(x-2\right)+4}{x-2}=\frac{2.\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}+\frac{4}{x-2}=2+\frac{4}{x-2}\)
Để \(A\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4}{x-2}\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow4⋮x-2\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ_{\left(4\right)}=\left(4;-4;2;-2;1;-1\right)\)
nếu x -2 = 4 => x = 6 (TM)
x- 2= - 4 => x= - 2 (TM)
x- 2= 2 => x = 4 (TM)
x- 2 = -2 => x = 0 (TM)
x - 2 = 1 => x = 3 (TM)
x - 2 = -1 => x= 1 (TM)
KL: \(x\in\left(6;-2;4;0;3;1\right)\)
c) ta có: \(C=\frac{x^2+2}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)+3}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)}{x+1}+\frac{3}{x+1}\)\(=x-1+\frac{3}{x+1}\)
Để \(C\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{x+1}\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow3⋮x+1\Rightarrow x+1\inƯ_{\left(3\right)}=\left(3;-3;1;-1\right)\)
nếu x + 1 = 3 => x = 2 (TM)
x + 1 = - 3 => x = -4 (TM)
x + 1 = 1 => x = 0
x + 1 = -1 => x = -2 (TM)
KL: \(x\in\left(2;-4;0;-2\right)\)
p/s
a) \(A=\frac{4x-1}{x-2}-\frac{x-3}{x-1}+\frac{-2x+4}{x^2-3x+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4x-1}{x-2}-\frac{x-3}{x-1}+\frac{-2x+4}{x^2-x-2x+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4x-1}{x-2}-\frac{x-3}{x-1}+\frac{-2x+4}{x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4x-1}{x-2}-\frac{x-3}{x-1}+\frac{-2x+4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(4x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)-2x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4x^2-4x-x+1-x^2+2x+3x-6-2x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3x^2-2x-1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3x^2-3x+\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)\(=\frac{3x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)\(=\frac{3x+1}{x-2}\)
b)\(\frac{3x+1}{x-2}=\frac{3x-6+7}{x-2}=\frac{3x-6}{x-2}+\frac{7}{x-2}=3+\frac{7}{x-2}\)
Ta có : \(x-2\inƯ_7\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x-2=-7\\x-2=-1\\x-2=1\\x-2=7\end{array}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}\text{x=-5}\\\text{x=1}\\\text{x=3}\\\text{x}=9\end{array}\right.\)
\(\text{x}=1\) (loại)
Vậy giá trị nguyên tập hợp x là:
x=-5;3;9
2. a. \(A=2x^2-8x-10=2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-18\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-18\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2-18\ge-18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy minA = - 18 <=> x = 2
b. \(B=9x-3x^2=-3\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{27}{4}\)
\(=-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\le\frac{27}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy maxB = 27/4 <=> x = 3/2
Ta có : Để M=\(\left(\frac{4}{x-4}-\frac{4}{x+4}\right)\left(\frac{x^2+8x+16}{32}\right)=0\)
<=> M=\(\left(\frac{4\left(x+4\right)-4\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}\right)\left(\frac{\left(x+4\right)^2}{32}\right)=0\)
<=>M=\(\left(\frac{4x+16-4x+16}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)}\right)\left(\frac{\left(x+4\right)^2}{32}\right)\)
<=>M=\(\left(\frac{32}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}\right)\left(\frac{\left(x+4\right)^2}{32}\right)\)
<=>M=\(\frac{x+4}{x-4}\)
b) Thay x=\(\frac{-3}{8}\) vào M:
M=\(\frac{x+4}{x-4}=\frac{\frac{-3}{8}+4}{\frac{-3}{8}-4}=\frac{-29}{35}\)
c)Hình như sai!
d)
\(A=\dfrac{3x^2-9x+x-3+2}{x-3}\)
\(B=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+2\right)+5\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^2+5}{x+2}=x-2+\dfrac{9}{x+2}\)
Để A và B cùng là số nguyên thì
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\\x+2\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{4;2;5;1\right\}\\x\in\left\{-1;-3;1;-5;7;-11\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
hay x=1