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a) \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{125}-3\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{180}}{-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{8}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{25.5}-3\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{36.5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{10\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}-1\)
b) \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{18}=\left|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right|+\sqrt{9.2}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(\sqrt{48}-6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{16.3}-2\sqrt{9.\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=4\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}=1+\sqrt{3}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}}=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)=-\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)=-3\)
câu E dễ nhất nên mình làm trước , các câu còn lại làm tương tự ( biến đổi thành hằng đẳng thức rồi rút gọn ) :
\(E=\sqrt{9-2.3.\sqrt{6}+6}+\sqrt{24-2.2\sqrt{6}.3+9}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{6}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{6}-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|3-\sqrt{6}\right|+\left|2\sqrt{6}-3\right|\)
\(=3-\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{6}-3\) ( vì \(3-\sqrt{6}>0;2\sqrt{6}-3>0\) )
\(=\sqrt{6}\)
a) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\cdot\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3+2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{3}+1\right|\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)(Vì \(\sqrt{3}>1>0\))
\(=\left(4+2\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(3-4\right)\)
\(=-2\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)(Vì \(\sqrt{3}>1\))
\(=3-1=2\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right|\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)(Vì \(\sqrt{5}>\sqrt{3}\))
\(=8-2\sqrt{15}\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{12}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\cdot\left(1-2\right)\cdot\sqrt{3+2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{2}+2}\)
\(=-\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
\(=-\sqrt{3}\cdot\left|\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right|\)
\(=-\sqrt{3}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)\)(Vì \(\sqrt{3}>\sqrt{2}>0\))
\(=-3-\sqrt{6}\)
e) Ta có: \(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\)(Vì \(\sqrt{3}>1\))
\(=\frac{\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(4+2\sqrt{3}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{16-12}{2}=\frac{4}{2}=2\)
f) Ta có: \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{4+2\cdot2\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\left|2+\sqrt{3}\right|}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}}\)(Vì \(2>\sqrt{3}>0\))
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{25-2\cdot5\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\left|5-\sqrt{3}\right|}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)}}\)(Vì \(5>\sqrt{3}\))
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{25}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+5}=\sqrt{9}=3\)
d/ \(x=\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}-\sqrt[3]{-3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}+3-\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}-3\left(\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}-\sqrt[3]{-3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}\right)\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}.\sqrt[3]{-3+\sqrt{9+\frac{125}{27}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=6-3x\sqrt[3]{9-9-\frac{125}{27}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=6-5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
c/
\(\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{18-\sqrt{128}}}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\sqrt{12}+4}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=3-1=2\)
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{20-2\cdot\sqrt{20}\cdot3+9}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{1}=1\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{20-2\cdot2\sqrt{5}\cdot3+9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+3}=3\)
c) Sửa đề: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{12-2\cdot2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{3}-1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+\sqrt{3}}\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}+\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\left(6+2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)+\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1+\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\cdot2\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{8\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{10}\)
\(A=\left(2+\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)\)
\(A=\left[2-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{\sqrt{5}-2}\right]\left[2+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)}{\sqrt{5}+3}\right]\)
\(A=\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(A=2^2-\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2\)
\(A=4-5\)
\(A=-1\)
____
\(B=\left(\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{6}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{6}-2}-\dfrac{12}{3-\sqrt{6}}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
\(B=\left[\dfrac{15\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}+\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}-\dfrac{12\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{6}\right)}\right]\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
\(B=\left[\dfrac{15\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}{5}+\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}{2}-\dfrac{12\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)}{3}\right]\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
\(B=\left(3\sqrt{6}-3+2\sqrt{6}+4-12-4\sqrt{6}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
\(B=\left(\sqrt{6}-11\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
\(B=6-121\)
\(B=-115\)
`2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}}`
`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt{(\sqrt5-1)^2}}`
`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt5-1}`
`=`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{3+\sqrt5)`
`=2\sqrt2(\sqrt5-1)\sqrt{3+\sqrt5}`
`=2(\sqrt5-1)sqrt{6+2\sqrt5}`
`=2(\sqrt5-1)(\sqrt5+1)`
`=2(5-1)`
`=8`
`2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}}`
`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt{(\sqrt5-1)^2}}`
`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{4+\sqrt5-1}`
`=2(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt2)\sqrt{3+\sqrt5)`
`=2\sqrt2(\sqrt5-1)\sqrt{3+\sqrt5}`
`=2(\sqrt5-1)sqrt{6+2\sqrt5}`
`=2(\sqrt5-1)(\sqrt5+1)`
`=2(5-1)`
`=8`
`(4\sqrt2+\sqrt{30})(\sqrt5-\sqrt3)\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}`
`=\sqrt2(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt5-\sqrt3)\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}`
`=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt5-\sqrt3)\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}`
`=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt5-\sqrt3)(\sqrt5-\sqrt3)`
`=(4+\sqrt{15})(8-2\sqrt{15})`
`=2(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15})`
`=2(16-15)`
`=2`
\(c,\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+5\sqrt{3}+5\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{29}\)