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ĐKXĐ: \(-3\le x\le6\)
Trước hết ta chứng minh:
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}\le3\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác điều này hiển nhiên do bất đẳng thức Bunyakovski:
\(VT\le\sqrt{2\left[\left(x+3\right)+\left(6-x\right)\right]}=3\sqrt{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x+3=6-x\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Mặt khác theo AM-GM:
\(6\sqrt{2x+6}-2x-13=2\sqrt{9\left(2x+6\right)}-2x-13\le\left[9+\left(2x+6\right)\right]-2x-13=2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=\dfrac{3}{2}.$
Từ đây thu được \(VT\le VP.\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=\dfrac{3}{2}.$
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\)
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1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a, \(\sqrt{2x^2-3}=\sqrt{4x-3}\) (x \(\ge\) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}\))
Vì hai vế ko âm, bp 2 vế ta được:
2x2 - 3 = 4x - 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x2 = 4x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 = 2x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 - 2x = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x(x - 2) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(KTM\right)\\x=2\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {2}
b, \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{x-1}\) (x \(\ge\) 1)
Vì hai vế ko âm, bp 2 vế ta được:
2x - 1 = x - 1
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 0 (KTM)
Vậy x = \(\varnothing\)
c, \(\sqrt{x^2-x-6}=\sqrt{x-3}\) (x \(\ge\) 3)
Vì hai vế ko âm, bp 2 vế ta được:
x2 - x - 6 = x - 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 - 2x - 3 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 - 3x + x - 3 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x(x - 3) + (x - 3) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - 3)(x + 1) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(TM\right)\\x=-1\left(KTM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {3}
d, \(\sqrt{x^2-x}=\sqrt{3x-5}\) (x \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\))
Vì hai vế ko âm, bp 2 vế ta được:
x2 - x = 3x - 5
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 - 4x + 5 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 - 4x + 4 + 1 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - 2)2 + 1 = 0
Vì (x - 2)2 \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) (x - 2)2 + 1 > 0 với mọi x \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Pt vô nghiệm
Vậy S = \(\varnothing\)
Chúc bn học tốt!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le5\)
Pt tương đương:
\(\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{5-x}=2x+6\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{x+3}+4.1.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{5-x}\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+x+3\right)+2\left(1+x\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+5-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2x+6=VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{5-x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Từ bước trên xuống bước dưới áp dụng công thức nào vậy thầy - Nhờ thầy chỉ rõ hơn.
Trân trọng!
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\(\sqrt{4x^2}=3\left(ĐK:4x^2\ge0\forall x\in R\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x\right)^2}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|2x\right|=3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-3\\2x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=2\left(ĐK:\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=2\\x-3=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2+3\\x=-2-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=-5\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left(\pm5\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}=6\left(ĐK:\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3\right|=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=6\\2x-3=-6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=3+6\\2x=-6+3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=9\\2x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4,5\left(tm\right)\\x=-1,5\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{4,5;-1,5\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{25x^2}=100\\ \sqrt{\left(5x\right)^2}=100\left(ĐK:\left(5x\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\right)\\\Leftrightarrow \left|5x\right|=100\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x=100\\5x=-100\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=20\left(tm\right)\\x=-20\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\pm20\right\}\)
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PT tương đương \(2x-6=3\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+6}\)
Bình phương hai vế \(4x^2-34x+48=6\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+6\right)}\)
Tiếp tục bình phương được phương trình tương đương \(\left(x-3\right)^2\left(x^2-11x+19\right)=0\)
P/s: Tham khảo nha!
(x-3)^2*(x^2-11x+19)=0