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a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-x^2y^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\x^2+y^2-xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=5\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+\left(\dfrac{2}{x}\right)^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-5x^2=4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=7\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2-\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=7\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}-y-\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=7\\x+\dfrac{1}{x}-y-\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=5\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x+1=0\\y^2-2y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2-xy+y^2=7\\x^4+x^2y^2+y^4=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=7+xy\\x^4+x^2y^2+y^4=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x^4+y^4+2x^2y^2=49+14xy+x^2y^2\\x^4+x^2y^2+y^4=21\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}xy=-2\\x^2-xy+y^2=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-2}{y}\\\frac{4}{y^2}+y^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}\left\{\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=4\\x^2+4y=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\\left(4-2y\right)^2+4y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\4y^2-12y+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\\left(y-1\right)\left(y-2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;1\right)\) hoặc \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;2\right)\)
Ta có hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+3y-5x-15=xy\\2xy+30x-y^2-15y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=3y-15\\6\left(3y-15\right)-y^2-15y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có pt (2) \(\Leftrightarrow3y-y^2-80=0\Leftrightarrow y^2-3y+80=0\left(VN\right)\)
=> hpy vô nghiệm
c) Ta có hpt \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+x+y\right)=30\\xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+x+y=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt j\(xy\left(x+y\right)=a;xy+x+y=b\), ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=30\\a+b=11\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=5;b=6\\a=6;b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
với a=5;b=6, ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)=5\\xy+x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=1;x+y=5\\xy=5;x+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
đến đây thì thế y hoặc x ra pt bậc 2, còn TH còn lại bn tự giải nhé !
6. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-4=0\\3x+y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\3x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
7. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-6y=2\\x-\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2+6y}{4}\\\dfrac{2+6y}{4}-\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2+6y}{4}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
8. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{y}{2}=1\\2x+3y=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(1-\dfrac{y}{2}\right).3\\6\left(1-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)+3y=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(1-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)\\y=\left(VNghiệm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\) không tồn tại x, y
(Các câu khác tương tự nhé.)
\(pt\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-y-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+y^2-4y\right)}{x-y}=0\)
\(x\ne y \rightarrow (x-y-4)(x^2+4x+y^2-4y)=0\)
Lời giải:
Đặt \(x^2+y^2=a,xy=b\) $(1)$
\(\text{HPT}\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (a+2b)^2=6b^2+3\\ ab=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+4ab=2b^2+3\\ ab=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2=2b^2+7\\ ab=-1\end{matrix}\right.\). Thay \(b=\frac{-1}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2=\frac{2}{a^2}+7\Rightarrow a=\sqrt{\frac{7+\sqrt{57}}{2}}\) (do $a\geq 0$) \(\Rightarrow b=\frac{7-\sqrt{57}}{4}\sqrt{\frac{7+\sqrt{57}}{2}}\)
Thay vào $(1)$ suy ra HPT có nghiệm là:
\((x,y)\approx (0,228;-1,626),(-0,228;1,626),(-1,626;0,228),(1,626;-0,228)\)
P/s: Vẫn giải được nhưng số quá xấu. Có lẽ do bạn viết nhầm đề. Nhưng trên cơ bản cách giải vẫn như vậy.
gợi ý:\(pt\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=21\)