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\(M_A=1,8125.32=58\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_C=58.82,76\%=48\left(g\right)\\m_H=58-48=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right)\\n_H=\dfrac{10}{1}=10\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ CTHH:C_4H_{10}\)
\(n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C4H10 + 13O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 10H2O
0,2 0,8
=> VCO2 = 0,8.22,4 = 17,92 (l)
\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(Bđ:0.3.......0.5\)
\(Pư:0.2........0.5.........0.4.........0.2\)
\(Kt:0.1..........0..........0.4...........0.2\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{C_2H_2\left(dư\right)}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
S+O2-to>SO2
0,2--0,2---0,2 mol
n SO2= 4,48\22,4=0,2 mol
=>m S=0,2.32=6,4g
=>VO2=0,2.22,4=4,48l
nSO2 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 (mol)
S + O2 --to--> SO2
0,2__0,2_____0,2 (mol)
=> mS = 0,2.32 = 6,4 (g)
VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (lít)
a, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,3.18=5,4\left(g\right)\)
c, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
_______0,3_______________________0,15 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1:
MA = 42.2 = 84 (g/mol)
\(m_C=\dfrac{84.85,72}{100}=72\left(g\right)=>n_C=\dfrac{72}{12}=6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_H=84-72=12\left(g\right)=>n_H=\dfrac{12}{1}=12\left(mol\right)\)
=> A là C6H12
\(n_{C_6H_{12}}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(C_6H_{12}+6O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}6CO_2+6H_2O\)
______0,3----->1,8_______________________(mol)
=> \(V_{O_2}=1,8.22,4=40,32\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
________0,4<-------------------------0,6___________(mol)
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=0,4.122,5=49\left(g\right)\)
$n_{C_2H_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol) ; n_{O_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$2C_2H_2 + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 4CO_2 + 2H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{C_2H_2} : 2 > n_{O_2} : 5$ nên $C_2H_2$ dư
Theo PTHH :
$n_{C_2H_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{2} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{CO_2} = 0,4(mol) ; n_{H_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
Suy ra :
$m_{C_2H_2\ dư} = (0,3 - 0,2).26 = 2,6(gam)$
$m_{CO_2} = 0,4.44 = 17,6(gam)$
$m_{H_2O} = 0,2.18 = 3,6(gam)$
C2H4+3O2-to>2CO2+2H2O
0,3-------0,2-------0,2
n C2H4=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\)=0,2 mol
n O2=\(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\)=0,3 mol
=>C2H4 dư
=>VCO2=VH2O=0,2.22,4=4,48l
=>VC2H4 dư=0,1.22,4=2,24l
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\Rightarrow C_2H_4dư\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{C_2H_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{0,3}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ V_{C_2H_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)