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Ta có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge9xyz\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{1+yz}+\dfrac{y}{1+xz}+\dfrac{z}{1+xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2}{x+xyz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+xyz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+xyz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\). Cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3}\)
BĐT cuối đúng vì \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ps: nospoiler
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\(VT=\frac{\left(yz\right)^2}{x^2yz\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(zx\right)^2}{xy^2z\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{xyz^2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{2\left(yz\right)^2}{xy+xz}+\frac{2\left(zx\right)^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{2\left(xy\right)^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=xy+yz+zx\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2}}\)
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Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(x^2+xy+y^2=\frac{3}{4}(x^2+2xy+y^2)+\frac{1}{4}(x^2-2xy+y^2)\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}(x+y)^2+\frac{1}{4}(x-y)^2\geq \frac{3}{4}(x+y)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{x^2+xy+y^2}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}(x+y)}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\sqrt{y^2+yz+z^2}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}(y+z)}{2}; \sqrt{z^2+xz+x^2}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}(x+z)}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên:
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{x^2+xy+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2+yz+z^2}+\sqrt{z^2+xz+x^2}\geq \sqrt{3}(x+y+z)\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$
Bài 2:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
$4(a^9+b^9)-(a+b)(a^3+b^3)(a^5+b^5)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow 4(a+b)(a^8-a^7b+a^6b^2-a^5b^3+a^4b^4-a^3b^5+a^2b^6-ab^7+b^8)-(a+b)(a^8+a^3b^5+a^5b^3+b^8)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow 4(a^8-a^7b+a^6b^2-a^5b^3+a^4b^4-a^3b^5+a^2b^6-ab^7+b^8)-(a^8+a^3b^5+a^5b^3+b^8)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow 3a^8+3b^8+4a^6b^2+4a^2b^6+4a^4b^4-(4a^7b+4ab^7+5a^5b^3+5a^3b^5)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2(a^2-ab+b^2)(3a^4+5a^3b+7a^2b^2+5ab^3+3b^4)\geq 0$
BĐT trên luôn đúng vì:
$(a-b)^2\geq 0, \forall a,b$
$a^2-ab+b^2=(a-\frac{b}{2})^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\geq 0, \forall a,b$
$3a^4+5a^3b+7a^2b^2+5ab^3+3b^4=3(a^4+b^4+2a^2b^2)+a^2b^2+5ab(a^2+b^2)$
$=3(a^2+b^2)^2+5ab(a^2+b^2)+a^2b^2$
$=(a^2+b^2)(3a^2+3b^2+5ab)+a^2b^2=(a^2+b^2)[3(a+\frac{5}{6}b)^2+\frac{11}{12}b^2]+a^2b^2\geq 0$ với mọi $a,b$
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b$ hoặc $a+b=0$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi \(A=\sum\dfrac{x^3}{\sqrt{y^2+3}}\)
Theo Holder: \(A.A.\left(\left(y^2+3\right)+\left(z^2+3\right)+\left(x^2+3\right)\right)\ge\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{x^2+y^2+z^2+9}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+xy+yz+zx}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
Ta có đánh giá sau: \(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{12}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}{12}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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Bài này cũng dễ mà:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta có:
\(y+z+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sum\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
Mà \(\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}=\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwaz:
\(\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\)
Mà:
\(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)(BĐT phụ)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopski:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z\le6+3=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{9}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x=y=z=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2-2zx+z^2\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\left(luôn.đúng\right)\)
Dấu "=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\x-z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\x=z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)