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b) Ta có : a\(^2\)+ b\(^2\)+ c\(^2\) =ab+bc+ca
=> 2(a\(^2\)+b\(^2\)+c\(^2\))= 2(ab+bc+ca)
<=>2a\(^2\)+2b\(^2\)+2c\(^2\)=2ab+2bc+2ca
<=> 2a\(^2\)+2b\(^2\)+2c\(^2\)-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
<=> a\(^2\)+a\(^2\)+b\(^2\)+b\(^2\)+c\(^2\)+c\(^2\)-2ab-2bc=2ca=0
<=> (a\(^2\)-2ab+b\(^2\))+(b\(^2\)-2bc+b\(^2\))+(a\(^2\)-2ca+c\(^2\))
<=> (a-b)\(^2\)+(b-c)\(^2\)+(a-c)\(^2\) =a
<=> hoặc a-b=0 hoặc b-c=o hoặc a-c=o <=>a=b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c (đpcm)
a) Theo đề bài: \(a^2+b^2=ab\)
=>\(a^2+b^2-ab=0\)
=>\(a^2-2ab+b^2+ab=0\)
=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+ab=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) để \(\left(a-b\right)^2+ab=0\) <=> \(\left(a-b\right)^2=ab=0\)
(a-b)2=0 <=> a-b=0 <=> a=b (đpcm)
b)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
=>\(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
=>\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ac\)
=>\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
=>\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\) để \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
<=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
<=>a-b=b-c=a-c=0
<=>a=b=c (đpcm)
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b, Ta có \(m=a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow am+bc=a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc=a\left(a+b\right)+ac+bc=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
CMTT \(bm+ac=\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\);\(cm+ab=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(am+bc\right)\left(bm+ac\right)\left(cm+ab\right)=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\)
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Giải :
a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + ac + bc
\(\Rightarrow\)2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 = 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
\(\Rightarrow\)2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( a2 - 2ac + c2 ) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)( a - b )2 + ( a - c )2 + ( b - c )2 = 0
Vì ( a - b )2 \(\ge\)0 với mọi a , b ; ( a - c )2 \(\ge\)với mọi a , c ; ( b - c )2 \(\ge\)0 với mọi b , c
Do đó ( a - b )2 + ( a - c )2 + ( b - c )2 = 0 khi a - b = a - c = b - c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)a = b = c
ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
tương tự ta có
\(b^2+c^2\ge2bc;c^2+a^2\ge2ac\)
cộng từng vế của 3 bđt cùng chiều ta có
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=c(ĐPCM)
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(a + b + c)² = a² + b² + c² + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac.
(1/a + 1/b + 1/c)² = 1/a² + 1/b² + 1/c² + 2(1/ab + 1/bc + 1/ac) = 4
<=> 1/a² + 1/b² + 1/c² + 2(bcac + abac + abbc)/(a²b²c²) = 4
<=> 1/a² + 1/b² + 1/c² + 2abc(a + b + c)/(a²b²c²) = 4
<=> 1/a² + 1/b² + 1/c² + 2 = 4
(vi` abc(a + b + c) = a² b² c²)
<=> 1/a² + 1/b² + 1/c² = 2 !!
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Do a;b;c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác nên: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c>0\\a+c-b>0\\b+c-a>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
BĐT đã cho tương đương:
\(\dfrac{a^2+2bc}{b^2+c^2}-1+\dfrac{b^2+2ac}{a^2+c^2}-1+\dfrac{c^2+2ab}{a^2+b^2}-1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b^2-\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^2-\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b^2-\left(a-c\right)^2}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)}{a^2+b^2}>0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng