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Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt\). Khi đó:
a)
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{(bt)^2}{(bt)^2+b^2}=\frac{b^2t^2}{b^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(1)\)
\(\frac{c^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(dt)^2}{(dt)^2+d^2}=\frac{d^2t^2}{d^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
\(\left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bt+dt}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{t(b+d)}{b+d}\right)^2=t^2(3)\)
\(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(bt)^2+(dt)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{t^2(b^2+d^2)}{b^2+d^2}=t^2(4)\)
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}$ (đpcm)
Bài 2:
Từ $a^2=bc\Rightarrow \frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}$
Đặt $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}=t\Rightarrow a=ct; b=at$. Khi đó:
a)
$\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+a^2}=\frac{(ct)^2+c^2}{(at)^2+a^2}=\frac{c^2(t^2+1)}{a^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{c^2}{a^2}=(\frac{c}{a})^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(1)$
Và:
$\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{tb}=\frac{a}{t.at}=\frac{1}{t^2}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
$\left(\frac{c+2019a}{a+2019b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{ct+2019at}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{t(c+2019a)}\right)^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(3)$
Từ $(2);(3)$ suy ra đpcm.
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áp dụng dbt cosi cho 2 số:\(\frac{a^3}{b^2}\)va b ta duoc :
\(\frac{a^3}{b^2}\)+a\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^2}.a}\)=2\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)
CMTT:\(\frac{b^3}{c^2}\)+b\(\ge\)2\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)
\(\frac{c^3}{a^2}\)+c\(\ge\)2\(\frac{c^2}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{b^2}\)+\(\frac{b^3}{c^2}\)+\(\frac{c^3}{a^2}\)+(a+b+c)\(\ge\)2(\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{b^2}\)+\(\frac{b^3}{c^2}\)+\(\frac{c^3}{a^2}\)\(\ge\)2(\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\)) - (a+b+c) (1)
Ap dụng bdt cosi cho các số dương , ta được:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(b\)\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}.b}\)=2a
CMTT: \(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+c\(\ge\)2b
\(\frac{c^2}{a}\)+a\(\ge\)2c
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\)+(a+b+c) \(\ge\)2(a+b+c)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\)\(\ge\)a+b+c
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\) _ (a + b + c ) \(\ge\)0
Do Đó:TỪ (1) ta co : \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}\)+\(\frac{b^3}{c^2}\)+\(\frac{b^3}{c^2}\)\(\ge\)(\(\frac{a^2}{b}\)+\(\frac{b^2}{c}\)+\(\frac{c^2}{a}\) )
Xét hiệu hai vế:
BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}-\frac{a^2b}{b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{b^3}{c^2}-\frac{b^2c}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{c^3}{a^2}-\frac{c^2a}{a^2}\right)-\left(a+b+c-b-c-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}-\frac{a^2b}{b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{b^3}{c^2}-\frac{b^2c}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{c^3}{a^2}-\frac{c^2a}{a^2}\right)-\left[\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right)+\left(\frac{b^2}{c^2}\left(b-c\right)-\left(b-c\right)\right)+\left(\frac{c^2}{a^2}\left(c-a\right)-\left(c-a\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{b^2}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)^2}{c^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)^2}{a^2}\ge0\)
BĐT này đúng với mọi a,b,c > 0 nên ta có Q.E.D
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a =b =c
P/s: Toán 7 gì mà khó thế nhỉ??Mình cũng không chắc đâu nha!
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a) \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{c^2}{b^2}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{c^2+b^2}=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{b}\)
b) \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\)\(\Rightarrow ab=c^2\)
\(\frac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2-ab+ab-a^2}{a^2+ab}=\frac{\left(b-a\right)b+\left(b-a\right)a}{a.\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a.\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{b-a}{a}\)
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a)Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=>\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
Mà \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{ab}{bc}=\frac{a}{c}\)nên\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a}{c}\)(dpcm)
b) Ta có : \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a}{c}\)(cm ở câu a)
\(=>\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{c}{a}=>\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2}-1=\frac{c}{a}-1=>\frac{c^2-a^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{c-a}{a}\)(dpcm)
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a) Ta có :
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{c^2}{b^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ,ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{c^2}{b^2}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{c^2+b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{c^2+b^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{c^2+b^2}=\frac{a}{b}\)
a) Ta có : \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow a.b=c^2\)
CMR : \(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a}{b}\)
Thay vào
Từ\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=ab\)
\(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+ab}{b^2+ab}=\frac{a\left(a+b\right)}{b\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{a}{b}\)