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1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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Các bất đẳng thức đúng : \(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4};\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng ta được :
\(A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{3}{2xy}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge4\)
\(\frac{3}{2xy}\ge\frac{3}{2.\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{3}{2.\frac{1}{4}}=6\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{3}{2xy}\ge4+6=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=10\) tại \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
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Bổ đề: \(2xy\le x^2+y^2\)
\(A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4}{2xy}\ge\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{5}{x^2+y^2}\ge5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
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\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\).Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz,ta có:
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+1+1\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3
Vậy A min = 3/4 khi x=y=z=1/3
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\(A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{2xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Amin =\(3+2\sqrt{2}\) khi x =y =1/2
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\(GT\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+1+2xy-2x-2y=xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=1-xy\rightarrow xy\le1\)
\(\rightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2\le1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x+y\right)\le0\rightarrow x+y\le2\)
\(\text{Ta có:}P=\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+y}=\frac{1}{2xy}+\left(\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\sqrt{xy}}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{2xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{2xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right)+\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{2}{2}+\frac{4}{2^2}=2\)
Vậy MinP=2 <=>x=y=1
chào bn
bđt cauchy \(xy+\frac{9}{xy}\ge2\sqrt{xy\cdot\frac{9}{xy}}=18\)
\(xy+\frac{9}{xy}\ge2\sqrt{xy\cdot\frac{9}{xy}}=18\)![Nhấp chuột và kéo để di chuyển](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==)