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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{a^2+\left(b^2-a^2\right)}{a+b}+\frac{b^2+\left(c^2-b^2\right)}{b+c}+\frac{c^2+\left(a^2-c^2\right)}{c+a}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\right)+\left(\frac{b^2-a^2}{a+b}+\frac{c^2-b^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2-c^2}{c+a}\right)=2012+\left(b-a+c-b+a-c\right)=2012\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lần sau đăng ít một thôi toàn bài dài :v, ko phải ko làm mà là ngại làm
a)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{a}{2a+b+c}=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\frac{b}{a+2b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right);\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b)Đặt \(THANG=abc\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b^2+ac\right)\left(c^2+ab\right)>0\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{b+c}{a^2+bc}-\frac{c+a}{b^2+ac}-\frac{a+b}{a^2+ab}\)
\(=\frac{a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4-a^4b^2c^2-b^4c^2a^2-c^4a^2b^2}{THANG}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2b^2-b^2c^2\right)^2+\left(b^2c^2-c^2a^2\right)+\left(c^2a^2-a^2b^2\right)^2}{2THANG}\ge0\) (Đúng)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c)Ta có:\(\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}-\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)+ac\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Và \(\frac{b^2}{c^2+a^2}-\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)+ab\left(b-a\right)}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\)
\(\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}-\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)+bc\left(c-b\right)}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b^2+a^2\right)}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 đăng thức trên ta có:
\(VT-VP=Σ\left[\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\right]\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)\cdotΣ\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\ge0\)
2 bài cuối full quy đồng mệt thật :v
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) Theo bđt AM-GM,ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=a\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}\ge a-\frac{b+c}{4}\)
Thiết lập hai BĐT còn lại tương tự và cộng theo vế ta có đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=\left(1+\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}\right).\frac{1+\frac{a}{b+c}}{1-\frac{a}{b+c}}.\frac{b^2+c^2-\left(b-c\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}.\frac{\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}}{\frac{b+c-a}{b+c}}.\frac{b^2+c^2-b^2+2bc-c^2}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b+c+a\right)\left(b+c-a\right)}{2bc}.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c-a}.\frac{2bc}{a+b+c}\)
\(=a+b+c\)
b) \(B=\frac{\frac{3a}{a+b}}{\frac{2a}{a^2-2ab+b^2}}\)\(=\frac{3a}{a+b}.\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2a}=\frac{3\left(a-b\right)^2}{2\left(a+b\right)}\)
c) \(C=\frac{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}}{\frac{a}{b}-\frac{b}{a}}:\frac{\frac{a^2}{b^2}-\frac{b^2}{a^2}}{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}}{\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}}:\frac{\frac{a^4-b^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2-b^2}.\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^4-b^4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Tự nhiên lục được cái này :'(
3. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\)
\(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{b+c-a+c+a-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b-c+c+a-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế ta có điều phải chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a = b = c
\(A=\frac{a^2+\left(b^2-a^2\right)}{a+b}+\frac{b^2+\left(c^2-b^2\right)}{b+c}+\frac{c^2+\left(a^2-c^2\right)}{c+a}\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}+\left(\frac{b^2-a^2}{a+b}+\frac{c^2-b^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2-c^2}{c+a}\right)=2012+\left(b-a+c-b+a-c\right)=2012\)