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Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^{2017}=C_{2017}^0+xC_{2017}^1+x^2C_{2017}^2+...+x^{2017}C_{2017}^{2017}\)
Lấy tích phân 2 vế:
\(\int\limits^1_0\left(1+x\right)^{2017}=\int\limits^1_0\left(C_{2017}^0+xC_{2017}^1+...+x^{2017}C_{2017}^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2^{2018}-1}{2018}=C_{2017}^0+\dfrac{1}{2}C_{2017}^1+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}C_{2017}^{2017}\)
Vậy \(S=\dfrac{2^{2018}-1}{2018}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\dfrac{-a\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+\dfrac{2017}{x}}{1+\dfrac{2018}{x}}=-a\Rightarrow a=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{bx+1}{\sqrt{x^2+bx+1}+x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{b+\dfrac{1}{x}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{b}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+1}=\dfrac{b}{2}=2\Rightarrow b=4\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\)
1:
\(S=-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{10^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{10^{n-1}}\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^0+\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^1+...+\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^{n-1}\right]\)
\(u_1=\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^0;q=-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^0+\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^1+...+\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^0\left(1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^{n-1}\right)}{-\dfrac{1}{10}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^{n-1}}{-\dfrac{11}{10}}\)
=>\(S=\dfrac{1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^{n-1}}{\dfrac{11}{10}}\)
2:
\(S=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^0+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^1+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(u_1=1;q=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(S_{n-1}=\dfrac{1\cdot\left(1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n-1}\right)}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n-1}\right)\)
\(1,\) Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}q=\dfrac{u_2}{u_1}=\dfrac{1}{10}:\left(-1\right)=-\dfrac{1}{10}\\u_1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=-1+\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{10^2}+...+\dfrac{\left(-1\right)^n}{10^{n-1}}=\dfrac{-1}{1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)}=-\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(2,\) Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}q=\dfrac{u_2}{u_1}=\dfrac{1}{3}\\u_1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{n-1}}=\dfrac{1}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Các số hạng tổng lập thành cấp số nhân lùi vô hạn với u1 = -1 và q = - .
Vậy S = -1 + -
+ ... +
+ ... =
=
=
.
Các số hạng lập thành một số nhân với \(u_1=-1\) và \(q=-\dfrac{1}{10}\).
Vậy:
\(S_n=-1+\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{10^2}+...+\dfrac{\left(-1\right)^n}{10^{n-1}}+...=\dfrac{u_1}{1-q_1}\)\(=\dfrac{-1}{1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)}=\dfrac{-10}{11}\).
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2018!\left(2019-2018\right)!}+\dfrac{1}{2016!\left(2019-2016\right)!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2!\left(2019-2\right)!}+\dfrac{1}{0!\left(2019-0!\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2019!.S=\dfrac{2019!}{2018!\left(2019-2018\right)!}+\dfrac{2019!}{2016!\left(2019-2016\right)!}+...+\dfrac{2019!}{2!\left(2019-2\right)!}+\dfrac{2019!}{0!\left(2019-0\right)!}\)
\(=C_{2019}^{2018}+C_{2019}^{2016}+...+C_{2019}^2+C_{2019}^0\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(C_{2019}^0+C_{2019}^1+...+C_{2019}^{2018}+C_{2019}^{2019}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.2^{2019}=2^{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{2^{2018}}{2019!}\)
\(\dfrac{u_{n+1}}{n+1}=3.\dfrac{u_n}{n}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{u_n}{n}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{1}{3}\\v_{n+1}=3v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=\dfrac{1}{3}.3^{n-1}=3^{n-2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=3^{-1}+3^0+...+3^8=...\)
