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1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
Mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=0\)
Ta lại có:
\(\frac{a^6+b^6+c^6}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{\left(a^6+b^6+c^6-3a^2b^2c^2\right)+3a^2b^2c^2}{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\right)+3abc}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^4+b^4+c^4-a^2b^2-b^2c^2-c^2a^2\right)+3a^2b^2c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}\)
\(=\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{3abc}=abc\)
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Ta có:
\(a\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)(1)
Mặt khác:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+3bc\left(b+c\right)+3ca\left(c+a\right)+6abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}+3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}+3.\left(-2\right)+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
bạn cho mình hỏi thê thì dữ liệu a^3+b^3+c^3 không được dùng à
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Tham khảo
Câu hỏi của Châu Trần - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
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Ta dễ có:\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}=\frac{a^2+1-a^2}{a^2+1}=1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\ge1-\frac{a^2}{2a}=1-\frac{a}{2}\)
Một cách tương tự \(\frac{1}{b^2+1}\ge1-\frac{b}{2};\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge1-\frac{c}{2}\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge3-\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Cần chứng minh: \(3-\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\le3\)
Hình như có gì đó sai sai @@
Lời giải kia sai rồi :V Làm cách khác:
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}=\frac{a^2+1-a^2}{a^2+1}=1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\)
Tương tự rồi ta được:
\(LHS=3-\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{3a^2+3}+\frac{b^2}{3b^2+3}+\frac{c^2}{3c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta dễ có được:
\(\frac{4a^2}{3a^2+3}=\frac{4a^2}{3a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{\left(a+a\right)^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+2a^2+bc}\le\frac{a^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{4b^2}{3b^2+3}\le\frac{b^2}{b\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ca};\frac{4c^2}{3c^2+3}\le\frac{c^2}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
Một cách khác ta dễ có được: \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)
Done !
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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=c^2\)
Vì \(a,b>0\)mà \(\frac{1}{c}=-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)< 0\)nên \(c< 0\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow2c+2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)+2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\left(b+c\right)=a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+c}+\sqrt{b+c}\right)^2=a+b\)---> 2 vế đều dương nên ta lấy căn 2 vế:
\(\sqrt{a+c}+\sqrt{b+c}=\sqrt{a+b}\)
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Do \(ab+bc+ca\le1\) nên:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}\le\frac{1}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}.\)
Chứng minh tương tự :\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^2+1}\le\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}.\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)(1)
Mặt khác áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có:
\(a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+c^2b+cb^2\ge6\sqrt[6]{\left(abc\right)^6}=6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+c^2b+cb^2\right)+18abc\ge8\left(a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+c^2b+cb^2\right)+24abc\)\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right).\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{9}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)(3)
Thật vậy ta có; \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{ab.bc.ca}=9abc\)(BĐT AM-GM)
Lại có:\(\sqrt{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge\sqrt{3}\sqrt{ab+bc+ca}.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)(Do :
\(ab+bc+ca\le1\Rightarrow1\ge\sqrt{ab+bc+ca}.\))
\(\ge3.\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}.3.\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=9abc\)(BĐT AM-GM)
Vậy \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\sqrt{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc+9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge18abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+\sqrt{3}\ge\frac{18}{ab+bc+ca}\)(4)
Từ (3) và (4) ta có:
\(a+b+c+\sqrt{3}\ge8abc.\left(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\right)\)
Chứng minh BĐT quen thuộc \(9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) Kết hợp với giả thiết ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\le\frac{1}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{b^2+ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab+bc+ca}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{9}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\) Như vậy cần chứng minh
\(a+b+c+\sqrt{3}\ge8abc\cdot\frac{9}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{18\left(a+b+c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\sqrt{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge18abc\)
Ta đã có \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\) nên cần chứng minh được
\(\sqrt{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt{3}abc\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM ta đi chứng minh một kết quả chặt hơn là:
\(3\sqrt[2]{a^2b^2c^2}\ge3\sqrt{3}abc\Leftrightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
Và đây là điều luôn đúng vì \(abc=\sqrt{ab\cdot bc\cdot ca}\le\sqrt{\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}\right)^3}\le\sqrt{\frac{1}{27}}=\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta được đpcm. Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
áp dụng B.C.S dạng phân thức
\(\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{c.\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{4}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4}}=16\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
๖²⁴ʱミ★๖ۣۜHυү❄๖ۣۜTú★彡⁀ᶦᵈᵒᶫ✎﹏
BCS ???
:))