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\(a+b=1\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{1}{2}+x;b=\dfrac{1}{2}+y\left(x+y=0\right)\)
có: \(A=a\left(a^2+2b\right)+b\left(b^2-a\right)=a^3+b^3+ab=a^2+b^2\\ =\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+x\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+y\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}+x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab+2ab\le1\) (do \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\))
\(\Rightarrow ab\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(A=a\left(a^2+2b\right)+b\left(b^2-a\right)\)
\(=a^3+2ab+b^3-ab\)
\(=a^3+b^3+ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+ab\)
\(=1^3-3ab+ab=1-2ab\ge1-2.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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ta có :
\(P=a^3+b^3+ab=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+ab\)
\(=1-2ab\ge1-\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
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TL:
A = a^4 - 2a^3 +a^2 + 2a^2 - 4a + 2 +3
A = ( a^4 - 2a^3 + a^2) + 2 ( a^2 - 2a +1) +3
A = ( a^2 - a)^2 + 2 ( a-1)^2 + 3
****************************************...
Có ( a^2 - a )^2 >= 0 với mọi giá trị của a
và ( a-1)^2 >=0 với mọi giá trị của a
Nên suy ra ta có => (a^2 - a)^2 + 2(a - 1)^2 + 3 >= 3
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a -1 =0
<=> a = 1
Vậy A min = 3 <=> a =1
****************************************...
HT
@Kawasumi Rin
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\(9=3a^2+2b^2+2bc+2c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+b^2+c^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2a-b-c\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\le a+b+c\le3\)
\(T_{max}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(T_{min}=-3\) khi \(a=b=c=-1\)
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\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ac-ab}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=1\)
Vì sao bước thứ 2 từ dưới lên lại có thể suy ra (a−b)(b−c)(a−c)/(a−b)(b−c)(a−c)=1?
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Từ giả thiết:
\(a^2=2\left(b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(b+c\right)^2\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}\right)^2\ge1\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}\ge1\)
\(P=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+bc}\ge\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+2bc}\ge\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)^2}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=x\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge x+\dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{9}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{1}{2}}+\dfrac{5}{9}x-\dfrac{2}{9}\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{9}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{9}.1-\dfrac{2}{9}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{5}{3}\) khi \(x=1\) hay \(a=2b=2c\)
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Điều kiện x ≠ 2 và x ≠ 0
Vì x - 1 2 ≥ 0 nên x - 1 2 + 2 ≥ 2 với mọi giá trị của x.
Khi đó giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức bằng 2 khi x = 1.
Vậy biểu thức đã cho có giá trị nhỏ nhất bằng 2 tại x = 1.
\(P=a^3+b^3+ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+ab\)
\(=1-3ab+ab=1-2ab\)
\(\ge1-\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)