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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
b.
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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\(a^2+b^2=a^3+b^3=a^4+b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^3+b^3\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^6+b^6+2a^3b^3=a^6+b^6+a^2b^4+a^4b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^3b^3=a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab=a^2+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b\)
Thế vào \(a^2+b^2=a^3+b^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+a^2=a^3+a^3\Rightarrow2a^3=2a^2\Rightarrow a=b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: a 2 < b 2
Ta có: a < b ⇒ a 3 < a 2 b (3)
a < b ⇒ a b 2 < b 3 (4)
a < b ⇒ a.a.b < a.b.b ⇒ a 2 b < a b 2 (5)
Từ (3), (4) và (5) ⇒ a 3 < b 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
* Với a > b > 0 ta có:
+) a. a > a. b Û a2 > ab
+) Ta có: a2 > ab => a2.a > a. ab Û a3 > a2b
Mà
a > b > 0 => ab > b.b Û ab > b2 => ab. a > b2. b => a2.b > b3.
=> a2b > b3 => a3 > a2b > b3
=> a3 > b3
Vậy a2 > ab và a3 > b3.
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a=0;b=0