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CMR :1,a2+b2=<a+b>2-2ab
2,a3+b3=<a+b>3-3ab.<a+b>
3,a3-b3=<a-b>3+3ab.<a+b>
Cho :a+b=1
Tính :A=a3+b3+3ab
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2
Ta có:
VP=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)VP=(a+b)3-3ab(a+b)
=a3+b3+3ab(a+b)−3ab(a+b)=a3+b3+3ab(a+b)-3ab(a+b)
=a3+b3=VT(dpcm)
1, \(VT=a^2+b^2=a^2+b^2+2ab-2ab=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a )
`VP= (a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)`
`=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-3a^2b-3ab^2`
`=a^3+b^3 =VT (đpcm)`
b)
b) Ta có
`VT=a3+b3+c3−3abc`
`=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)+c3−3abc`
`=[(a+b)3+c3]−3ab(a+b+c)`
`=(a+b+c)[(a+b)2+c2−c(a+b)]−3ab(a+b+c)`
`=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+2ab+c2−ac−bc−3ab)`
`=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2−ab−bc−ca)=VP`
a) Ta có:
`VP= (a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)`
`=a^3 + b^3+3ab ( a + b )- 3ab ( a + b )`
`=a^3 + b^3=VT(dpcm)`
b) Ta có
`VT=a^3+b^3+c^3−3abc`
`=(a+b)^3−3ab(a+b)+c^3−3abc`
`=[(a+b)^3+c^3]−3ab(a+b+c)`
`=(a+b+c)[(a+b)^2+c^2−c(a+b)]−3ab(a+b+c)`
`=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+2ab+c^2−ac−bc−3ab)`
`=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2−ab−bc−ca)=VP`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 3:
a: \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=7^2-4\cdot12=1\)
b: \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=7^3-3\cdot12\cdot7\)
\(=343-252=91\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(a+b\right)^3=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=125\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3-30=125\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3=155\\ \dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a^3b^3}=\dfrac{155}{\left(-2\right)^3}=-\dfrac{155}{8}\\ \left(a+b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2=25\\ \Rightarrow a^2+b^2-4=25\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=29\\ \left(a-b\right)^2=a^2-2ab+b^2=29-2\left(-2\right)=33\\ \Rightarrow a-b=\sqrt{33}\)
\(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)=\sqrt{33^3}+3\left(-2\right)\sqrt{33}=33\sqrt{33}-6\sqrt{33}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$a^3+b^3=2(c^3-8d^3)$
$a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=c^3+d^3+2(c^3-8d^3)$
$=3c^3-15d^3=3(c^3-5d^3)\vdots 3$
Khi đó:
$(a+b+c+d)^3=(a+b)^3+(c+d)^3+3(a+b)(c+d)(a+b+c+d)$
$=a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3+3ab(a+b)+3cd(c+d)+3(a+b)(c+d)(a+b+c+d)\vdots 3$ do:
$a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\vdots 3$
$3ab(a+b)\vdots 3$
$3cd(c+d)\vdots 3$
$3(a+b)(c+d)(a+b+c+d)\vdots 3$
Vậy:
$(a+b+c+d)^3\vdots 3$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c+d\vdots 3$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left[\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}\right]^3+3ab\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}\)
\(=\sqrt{5^2-4\cdot\left(-2\right)}^3+3\cdot\left(-2\right)\cdot\sqrt{5^2-4\cdot\left(-2\right)}\)
\(=33\sqrt{33}+3\cdot\left(-2\right)\cdot\sqrt{33}\)
\(=27\sqrt{33}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: a+b+c=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
b: Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\)
a) \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)(đúng do a+b+c = 0)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2-ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
Lại có:
\(2=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2-ab>0\Rightarrow a+b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3\le8\Rightarrow a+b\le2\)