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\(A=a^2+\dfrac{1}{16a^2}+b^2+\dfrac{1}{16b^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{16a^2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2}{16b^2}}+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(A\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^2\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}.4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{ab+bc+ca}=1\)
\(P_{min}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}-2\)
Do \(a;b\ge1\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\Rightarrow ab\ge a+b-1=2-c\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+c\left(a+b\right)\ge2-c+c\left(3-c\right)=-c^2+2c+2=c\left(2-c\right)+2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{9}{2}-2=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;2;0\right);\left(2;1;0\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2\right)=\dfrac{1-a+b}{b}+\dfrac{1-b+a}{a}\)
Vì \(a^2+b^2=1\) và \(a,b>0\Leftrightarrow0< a< 1;0< b< 1\Leftrightarrow1+a-b>0;1-b+a>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1-a+b\right)\left(1-b+a\right)}{ab}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1-a^2-b^2+2ab}{ab}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=1\\\dfrac{1-a+b}{b}=\dfrac{1-b+a}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
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Đặt \(P=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2+ab}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}}=a-\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}\ge\dfrac{2b-c}{3}\) ; \(\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{2c-a}{3}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}=673\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=673\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, dạng $(x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)$ ta có:
$(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^2c^4)$
$=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq \sqrt{3}abc$
$\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\geq \sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
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Mk ms tìm được GTNN thôi!
Ta có: A = a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 + b2 - ab) = (a + b)(1 - ab)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số ko âm a2 và b2 ta có:
a2 + b2 \(\ge\) 2ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 \(\ge\) 2ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 - 2ab \(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 - ab \(\ge\) ab
\(\Rightarrow\) A \(\ge\) ab(a + b)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = \(\sqrt{0,5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A \(\ge\) 0,5 . 2\(\sqrt{0,5}\) = \(\sqrt{0,5}\)
Vậy ...
Chúc bn học tốt!
\(a^2+b^2=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le a\le1\\0\le b\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3\le a^2\\b^3\le b^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\le a^2+b^2=1\)
\(A_{max}=1\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;1\right);\left(1;0\right)\)
\(a^3+a^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^3\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}a^2\)
\(b^3+b^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^3\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}b^2\)
Cộng vế:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3\right)+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\) khi \(a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=2+\dfrac{2}{b}+a+\dfrac{a}{b}+2+\dfrac{2}{a}+b+\dfrac{b}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2a}+\dfrac{3}{2b}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{a.\dfrac{1}{2a}}+2\sqrt{b.\dfrac{1}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2a}.\dfrac{3}{2b}}+4=6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta lại có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2}=2ab\left(BĐT.Cauchy\right)\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge4ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=6+5\sqrt{2}\)
\(minP=6+5\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Tìm min:
Theo BĐT AM-GM thì: $P=a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac$ hay $P\geq 9$
Vậy $P_{\min}=9$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\sqrt{3}$
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Tìm max:
$P=a^2+b^2+c^2=(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)=(a+b+c)^2-18$
Vì $a,b,c\geq 1$ nên:
$(a-1)(b-1)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow ab+1\geq a+b$
Hoàn toàn tương tự: $bc+1\geq b+c; ac+1\geq a+c$
Cộng lại: $2(a+b+c)\leq ab+bc+ac+3=12$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c\leq 6$
$\Rightarrow P=(a+b+c)^2-18\leq 6^2-18=18$
Vậy $P_{\max}=18$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(a,b,c)=(1,1,4)$ và hoán vị