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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 7 :
\(n_{H2SO4}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H2SO4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)
Câu 8 :
\(n_{H2SO4}=0,5.0,7=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{KOH}=2n_{H2SO4}=2.0,35=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,7.56}{12\%}.100\%=326,67\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{326,67}{1,15}=284,06\left(ml\right)\)
Câu 12 :
a) \(2Cu+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2CuO\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(CuSO_4+Fe\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\downarrow\)
b) \(MgSO_4+2KOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+K_2SO_4\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow MgCO_3+2NaNO_3\)
\(MgCO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}MgO+CO_2\)
c) \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(NaOH=HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(2NaCl+2H_2O\xrightarrow[cmn]{đpdd}2NaOH+H_2+Cl_2\)
\(Cl_2+H_2\xrightarrow[]{as}2HCl\)
\(HCl+Fe\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow FeCl_2+BaSO_4\)
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+Mg\rightarrow Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+Fe\)
e) \(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6KOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3K_2SO_4\)
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+3HNO_3\rightarrow Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al\left(NO_3\right)_2+Mg\rightarrow Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+Âl\)
\(2Al+3Cl_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2AlCl_3\)
Bạn xem đề chỗ AlCl3 ra Al2(SO4)3 nhé
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2KOH + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2H2O (1)
nKOH=0,2(mol)
nH2SO4=0,2(mol)
=> Sau PƯ còn 0,1 mol H2SO4 dư
Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2 (2)
Từ 2:
nH2SO4=nH2=0,1(mol)
VH2=22,4.0,1=2,24(lít)
2KOH + H2SO4 --> K2SO4 + 2H2O;
0,1---------0,05----------0,05 (mol)
ta có n KOH= 0,2*1= 0,2 (mol)
n H2SO4 = 0,2*1= 0,2 (mol)
Xét tỷ lệ:\(\dfrac{nKOH}{nKOHpt}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{nH2So4}{nH2So4pt}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 dư, sản phẩm tính theo KOH
dd sau pư gồm H2SO4 dư, K2SO4
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
---------0,15---------------------0,15 (mol)
ta có: n H2SO4 dư= 0,2-0,05=0,15(mol)=> nH2= 0,15 (mol)
=> V H2= 0,15*22,4= 3,36(l).
Chúc bạn học tốt
Nhớ cho đúng nha!!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2KOH + H2SO4 --> K2SO4 + 2H2O;
0,1---------0,05----------0,05 (mol)
ta có n KOH= 0,2*1= 0,2 (mol)
n H2SO4 = 0,2*1= 0,2 (mol)
Xét tỷ lệ:\(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{KOHpt}}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{n_{H2SO4}}{n_{H2SO4pt}}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 dư, sản phẩm tính theo KOH
dd sau pư gồm H2SO4 dư, K2SO4
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
---------0,15---------------------0,15 (mol)
ta có: n H2SO4 dư= 0,2-0,05=0,15(mol)=> nH2= 0,15 (mol)
=> V H2= 0,15*22,4= 3,36(l).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư 0,1 mol
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(PTHH:Na_2CO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ CO_2+KOH\rightarrow KHCO_3\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CO_2}=1\cdot0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{KOH}=\dfrac{98\cdot40\%}{100\%}=39,2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{39,2}{56}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
Do đó sau phản ứng, KOH dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{KHCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KHCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\ 2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4,pư}=0,2:2=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4,dư}=0,2-0,1=0,1mol\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
Câu 2 :
\(n_{KOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\)
\(n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\left(\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=n_{H2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)