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Lời giải:
Từ đkđb suy ra:
$x-y=\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{y}=\frac{y-z}{yz}$
$y-z=\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{z}=\frac{z-x}{xz}$
$z-x=\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{x-y}{xy}$
$\Rightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=\frac{(y-z)(z-x)(x-y)}{(xyz)^2}$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(1-\frac{1}{x^2y^2z^2})=0$
$\Rightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=0$ hoặc $1-\frac{1}{x^2y^2z^2}=1$
$\Rightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=0$ hoặc $x^2y^2z^2=1$
Nếu $(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=y$ hoặc $y=z$ hoặc $z=x$
Không mất tquat giả sử $x=y$. Khi đó: $\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{z}$
$\Rightarrow y=z$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z$. Tương tự khi xét $y=z$ hoặc $z=x$ thì ta cũng thu được $x=y=z$
Vậy $x=y=z$ hoặc $x^2y^2z^2=1$
1) \(x:y:z=2:3:4\) ⇒ \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{18}{9}=2\)
⇒ x=4;y=6;z=8
\(1,\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{18}{9}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot2=4\\y=2\cdot3=6\\z=2\cdot4=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2,\) Áp dụng t/c dtsbn
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{-3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{4x}{8}=\dfrac{3y}{-9}=\dfrac{2z}{8}=\dfrac{4x-3y-2z}{8-\left(-9\right)-8}=\dfrac{81}{9}=9\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot9=18\\y=2\cdot\left(-3\right)=-6\\z=2\cdot4=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3,4y=3z\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{8};\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{6}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{8}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn
\(\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{8}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{9+6+8}=\dfrac{46}{23}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot9=18\\y=2\cdot6=12\\z=2\cdot8=16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,5x=3y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{15};\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{10}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{15}=\dfrac{z}{10}=\dfrac{2x}{18}=\dfrac{3y}{45}=\dfrac{4z}{40}=\dfrac{2x+3y-4z}{18+45-40}=\dfrac{34}{23}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{34}{23}\cdot9=\dfrac{306}{23}\\y=\dfrac{34}{23}\cdot15=\dfrac{510}{23}\\z=\dfrac{34}{23}\cdot10=\dfrac{340}{23}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{xy}{x+y}=\dfrac{yz}{y+z}=\dfrac{zx}{z+x}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{y+z}{yz}=\dfrac{z+x}{zx}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{z}\\ \Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{x^2+x^2+x^2}{x^2+x^2+x^2}=1\)
Lời giải:
Từ điều kiện đề bài suy ra:
$\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}$
$\Rightarrow (\frac{x}{y})^3=(\frac{y}{z})^3=(\frac{z}{x})^3=\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{x}=1$
$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}=1$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z$.
Do đó:
$\frac{(x+y+z)^{2022}}{x^{337}.y^{674}.z^{1011}}=\frac{(3x)^{2022}}{x^{337}.x^{674}.x^{1011}}=\frac{3^{2022}.x^{2022}}{x^{2022}}=3^{2022}$
Lời giải:
Từ điều kiện đề bài suy ra:
$\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}$
$\Rightarrow (\frac{x}{y})^3=(\frac{y}{z})^3=(\frac{z}{x})^3=\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{x}=1$
$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}=1$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z$.
Do đó:
$\frac{(x+y+z)^{2022}}{x^{337}.y^{674}.z^{1011}}=\frac{(3x)^{2022}}{x^{337}.x^{674}.x^{1011}}=\frac{3^{2022}.x^{2022}}{x^{2022}}=3^{2022}$
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{3}=2019\\z^2+\dfrac{y^2}{3}=1011\\x^2+xz+z^2=1008\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{3}=z^2+\dfrac{y^2}{3}+x^2+xz+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy=2z^2+xz\Leftrightarrow xy+xz=2z^2+2xz\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(y+z\right)=2z\left(x+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2z}{x}=\dfrac{y+z}{x+z}\left(đpcm\right)\)