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Ta có:x2+3y2-2x+12y+13=0<=>x2+3y2-2x+12y+1+12=0
<=>(x2-2x+1)+(3y2+12y+12)=0<=>(x-1)2+3(y+2)2=0
Vì (x-1)2\(\ge0\);3(y+1)2\(\ge0\) nên:(x-1)2+3(y+2)2\(\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:\(\begin{cases} (x-1)^2=0\\ 3(y+2)^2=0 \end{cases}\)<=>\(\begin{cases} x-1=0\\ y+2=0 \end{cases}\)<=>\(\begin{cases} x=1\\ y=-2 \end{cases}\)
Vậy x=1;y=-2
a. \(x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-12y+4z+14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)+\left(z^2+4z+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z+2\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2y-3=0\\z+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b. \(x^2+3y^2+2z^2-2x+12y+4z+15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+3\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+2\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+3\left(y+2\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+2=0\\z+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+3y^2+2z^2-2x+12y+4z+15=0\)
\(x^2-2x+1+\left(\sqrt{3}y\right)^2+2.6.y+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2}z\right)^2+2.2.z+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}y+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2}z+\sqrt{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1;y=-2;z=-1\)
<=>(x2-2x+1)+(3y2+12y+12)+(2z2+4z+2)=0
<=>(x-1)2+3(y+2)2+2(z+1)2=0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\3\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+3\left(y+2\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+2=0\\z+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)
\(3x^2+3y^2+6x-12y+15=\left(3x^2+6x+3\right)+\left(3y^2-12y+12\right)\)
\(=3.\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+3.\left(y^2-4y+4\right)\)
\(=3.\left(x+1\right)^2+3.\left(y-2\right)^2\)
\(=3.\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3.\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\inℝ\)
\(\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0,\forall y\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
\(3x^2+3y^2+6x-12y+15=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3.\left(x^2+y^2+2x-4y+5\right)=0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2x-4y+5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2x-4y+1+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=0\)nên để thỏa mãn đẳng thức thì
\(\left(x+1\right)^2=\left(y-2\right)^2=0\) <=> x=-1 và y=2
\(x^2-3y^2-2x+12y+13=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+4^2=0\)HÌnh như hơi vô lý bạn ạg
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