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1 I'm busy so i can't go out with my friends
➞ If i had free time, i could go out with my friends
2 He plays soccer well so he can take part in the Games
➞ If he plays soccer well, he can take part in the Games
3 She can't go to the party because i don't invite her
➞ If i invited her, she could go to the party
4 I can't get a job easily because I don't have a degree
➞ If i had a degree, i could get a job easily
5 He doesn't have enough money , so he doesn't buy a house
➞ If he had enough money, he would buy a house
6 It is raining heavily so we can't go to the market
➞ If it weren't raining heavily, we could go to the market
7 He will go to watch the World Cup because he is studying in Russi
➞ If he studies in Russi, he will go to watch World Cup
8 I didn't talk to him because i didn't know him
➞ If i had knonw him, i would have talked to him
9 John didn't have money so he couldn't lend you some
➞ If he had had money, he could have lent you some
10 We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad
➞If the weather hadn't been so bad, we could have gone out
11 Mary didn't wear the raincoat, so she got a cold
➞If Mary had worn the raincoast, she wouldn't have got cold
12 Marry was injured in the crash because she wasnot wearing the seat belt
➞ If Marry had been wearing the seat belt, she wouldn't have been injured in the crash
13 Carol didn't answer the phone because he was studying
➞ If Carol hadn't been studying, he would have answered
14 You didn't eat breakfast, so you are hungry now
➞If you had eaten breakfast, you wouldn't be hungry now
15 I stayed up late last night, so i feel asleep now
➞If i hadn't stayed up late last night, i wouldn't feel asleep now
16 I can't retell the film now because i didn't watch it last night
➞If i had watched the film last night, i could retell it now
17 He is tired now because he drank too much yesterday evening
➞If he hadn't drunk too much yesterday evening, he wouldn't be tired now
18 I bought the car yesterday, so I run out of money now
➝ If i hadn't bought the car yesterday, i wouldn't run out of money now
19 He didn't go to the class regularly, so he can't take part in the competition now
➞If he had gone to the class regularly, he could take part in the competition now
Put the verb into the correct form , positive or negative.
Ex : I was very tired, so I went ( go ) to bed eearly.
Mrs. Trang didn't go ( go ) to work yesterday. She wasn't feeling well.
1. It stopped raining, so I _____took_____ ( take ) off my raincoat.
2. The novel wasn't very interesting. I _____didn't enjoy_____ ( enjoy ) it very much .
3. We went to Kate's house but she _____wasn't____ ( be ) at home.
4. She was in a hurry, so she ______didn't have_____ ( have ) time to phone you.
5. The story was very funny but nobody ____laughed____ ( laugh ).
6. Tom was very hungry. He _____ate____ ( eat ) like a horse.
7. The room was so cold , therefore we ____didn't sleep___ ( sleep) well.
8. It was hard work carrying the bags. They ___were____ ( be ) very heavy.
9. The window was open and a bird _____flew_____ ( fly ) into the room.
10. It was very hot , so I ___turned____ ( turn ) on the air - conditioner.
1. It stopped raining, so I _took_________ ( take ) off my raincoat.
2. The novel wasn't very interesting. I _did'n enjoy___ ( enjoy ) it very much .
3. We went to Kate's house but she _was________ ( be ) at home.
4. She was in a hurry, so she _had______ ( have ) time to phone you.
5. The story was very funny but nobody __did't laugh______ ( laugh ).
6. Tom was very hungry. He _ate________ ( eat ) like a horse.
7. The room was so cold , therefore we _slept______ ( sleep) well.
8. It was hard work carrying the bags. They _were______ ( be ) very heavy.
9. The window was open and a bird _did't fly_________ ( fly ) into the room.
10. It was very hot , so I _turned______ ( turn ) on the air - conditioner.
1. There are more than 300 steps up the hill to Hung King Temple. Any pilgrim would like to reach the top. (However)
=> There are more than 300 steps up the hill to Hung King Temple ; however , any pilgrim would like to reach the top.
2. i understand your point of view. i don't agree with you.(however)
i understand your point of view ; however , i don't agree with you.
3. People should use more solar energy. it is cheap, clean and unimited.(because)
People should use more solar energy , because it is cheap, clean and unimited.
4. He got up late. he đin't have time for breakfast.(therefore)
He got up late ; therefore , he didn't have time for breakfast
5. i don't do my homework. i get a bad mark. (so)
i don't do my homework , so i get a bad mark
6. she is intelligent. she is beautiful. (and)
she is intelligent and beautiful
7. the food was delicious. it wasn't expensive. (moreover).
the food was delicious ; moreover, it wasn't expensive
8. he is handsome. he is rather short. (but)
he is handsome but he is rather short
9. his leg was broken. he managed to get out of the car. (In spite of /-Though)
Though his leg was broken , he managed to get out of the car.
10. she was ill. she had to go to work. (Even though/despite)
Even though she was ill , she had to go to work.
Despite her illness , she had to go to work.
11.we won't hold the festival. it costs too much money. (if)
If it costs too much money , we won't hold the festival
12. The prince saw Sleeping Beauty. he kissed her on the forehead.(when)
When the prince saw Sleeping Beauty , he kissed her on the forehead
#Yumi
13. While the tortoise was running, the hare was sleeping
14. We like Tet because it is a long holiday; moreover, we can also receive ....
15. At the Mid Autumn Festival , kids can sing,dance,and enjoy mooncakes ; therefore , every child likes it very much
#Yumi
1 Tom had been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop.
Tom, who had been driving all day was tired and wanted to stop.
2 Ann had been sleeping in the back of the car. She felt quite fresh and wanted to go on.
Ann, who had been sleeping in the back of the car, felt quite fresh and wanted to go on.
3 Paul wanted to take the mountain road. His tyres were nearly new.
Paul, whose tyres were nearly new, wanted to take the mountain road.
4 Jack's tyres were very old. He wanted to stick to the tarred road.
jack, whose tyres were very old,wanted to stick to the tarred road.
5 Mary didn't know anything about mountains. She thought it would be quite safe to climb alone.
marry, who didn't know anythingabout mountains, thought it would be quite safe to climb alone.
6 He gave orders to the manager. The manager passed them on to the foreman.
He gave orders to the manager who passed them on to the foreman.
7 She said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true.
She said that the men were thieves, turned out to be true.
8 The matter was reported to the Chief of Police. He ordered us all to be arrested.
The matter was reported to the Chief of Police who ordered us all to be arrested.
9 In prison they fed us on dry bread. Most of it was mouldy.
In prison they fed us on dry bread, Most of which was mouldy.
10 We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner. His handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner whose handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
11 We lit a fire. It soon dried out our clothes.
We lit a fire which soon dried out our clothes.
12 They rowed across the Atlantic. This had never been done before.
They rowed across the Atlantic which had never been done before
13 The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren. Six of them were slightly injured.
The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren. Six of whom were slightly injured.
14 She refuses to use machines. This makes her work more arduous.
She refuses to use machines which makes her work more arduous.
15 I met Mary. She asked me to give you this.
I met Mary who asked me to give you this.
16 The women prayed aloud all night. This kept us awake
The women prayed aloud all night which kept us awake
. 17 The river bed is uneven and you may be in shallow water one moment and in deep water the next. This makes it unsafe for non-swimmers.
The river bed is uneven and you may be in shallow water one moment and in deep water the next which makes it unsafe for non-swimmers.
18 Mary said that there should be a notice up warning people. Mary's children couldn't swim.
Mary whose children couldn't swim, said that there should be a notice up warning people.
19 Ann said that there were far too many notices. Ann's children could swim very well.
ann, whose children could swim very well, said that there were far too many notices.
20 He paid me £5 for cleaning ten windows. Most of them hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
He paid me £5 for cleaning ten windows. Most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
21 Jack, the goalkeeper, and Tom, one of the backs, were injured in last Saturday's match. Jack's injuries were very slight. He is being allowed to play in today's match. This is a good thing because the team hasn't got another goalkeeper. (Combine the last three sentences only.)
Jack, whose injuries were very slight, is being allowed to play, which is a good thing because the team hasn't got another goalkeeper.
22 But Tom's leg is still in bandages. He will have to watch the match from the stand.
Tom, whose leg is still in bandages, will have to watch the match from the stand.
23 Mr White didn't get a seat on his train this morning. This put him in a bad temper, and caused him to be very rude to his junior partner. The junior partner in turn was rude to the chief clerk; and so on all the way down to the office boy.
Mr. White didn't get a seat on the train this morning, which put him in a bad temper and caused him to be very rude to his junior clerk.
24 On Monday Tom's boss suddenly asked for a report on the previous week's figures. Tom had a hangover. He felt too sick to work fast. (Combine the last two sentences only.)
Tom, who had a hangover, felt too sick to work fast.
25 His boss didn't drink. He saw what was the matter and wasn't sympathetic.
His boss, who didn’t drink, saw what was the matter and wasn't sympathetic.
26 In the afternoon he rang Tom and asked why the report still hadn't arrived. The report should have been on his desk by 2 o'clock.
The report, which should have been on his desk by 2.00, still hadn’t arrived.
27 Tom's headache was now much worse. He just put the receiver down without answering. This was just as well, as if he'd said anything he would have been very rude.
Tom, whose headache was now much worse, put down the receiver without answering, which was just as well, as if he'd said anything he would have been very rude.
28 Fortunately Ann, the typist, came to Tom's assistance. Ann rather liked Tom.
Ann, who liked Tom, came to Tom's assistance
29 Even so the report took three hours. It should have taken an hour and a half.
the report, which should have taken an hour and a half, took three hours
30 I went to Munich. I had always wanted to visit Munich.
to Munich, which I had always wanted to visit
Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means exactly the same as the sentence before it:
1. Although she was not beautiful, she took part in a beauty contest.
-> She wasn't beautiful but she took part in a beauty contest.
2. It was raining, so we decided to postpone our camping.
-> Since it was raining, we decided to postpone our camping.
3. She wants them to sing a song.
-> She suggests they should singing a song.
4. She couldn't come to class because of her illness.
-> As she was ill, she couldn't come to class.
5. She couldn't join us because she was busy.
-> She was busy, so she couldn't join us.
6. Because of having a lot of difficulties, she managed to sell the house.
-> As she had a lot of difficulties, she managed to sell house.
7. Shall we go to the cinema tonight ?
-> What about going to the cinema tonight?
8. They requested us to leave the place at once.
-> They suggested we leaving the place at once.
9. I stay at home because it is raining.
-> As it is raining, I stay at home.
10. She was tired and therefore wanted to go home.
-> She wanted to go home because of tiring
Ex2: Complete the sentences using and / but / so / or / because:
1. I like Linda very much ..but... I don't like her brother.
2. I'd like to live somewhere by the Mediterranean ..because... I love the Sun.
3. We enjoy learning English ....so..... we find it very difficult.
4. I can't go out tonight ....because..... I am short of money.
5. She went to the theatre last night ....and.... had a wonderful time.
6. They can't walk home ......because...... it is very dark.
7. Would you like to drink milk .....or....coffee ?
8. It's raining heavily, ....so.... I can't go out.
9. He did the tests well ...and...I did, too.
10. His life was hard ....but... he studied very well.
Ex3: Use connectives to combine each pair of the sentences:
1. He is very tired. He has to finish his homework. (but)
-> He is very tired but he has to finish his homework.
2. The room is very small. It's quite comfortable. (although)
-> Althought the room is small, it's quite comfortable.
3. They went for a walk. The weather was bad. (but)
-> The weather was bad but they went for a walk.
4. Our teacher didn't arrive late. The traffic was terrible. (although)
-> Althought the trafic was terrible, our teacher didn't arive late.
5. I like watching TV. I like going to the cinema. (and)
-> I like watching TV and going to the cinema.
6. She wears glasses. She wants to see better. (because)
-> She wears glasses because she wants to see better.
Study well. 
1. He is very tired. He has to finish his homework. (but)
-> He is very tired but he has to finish his homework.
2. The room is very small. It's quite comfortable. (although)
->Although the room is very small, It's quite comfortable.
3. They went for a walk. The weather was bad. (but)
-> The weather was bad but they went for a walk.
4. Our teacher didn't arrive late. The traffic was terrible. (although)
-> Although the traffic was terrible, our teacher didn't arrive late.
5. I like watching TV. I like going to the cinema. (and)
-> I like watching TV and going to the cinema.
6. She wears glasses. She wants to see better. (because)
-> She wears glasses because she wants to see better.
Exercise 1: Sắp xếp từ thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
4.among/the/Jack/form/is/seventh/boys/of/the
=> Jack is the form among one of the seventh boys
5.you/with/us/I/play/want/to
=> I want you to play with us
Exercise 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi:
1.We can't have lunch in the garden because it is raining
If it.......weren't raining , we could have lunch in the garden.....
2. They say he is a dangerous prisoner
He is..said to be a dangerous prisoner.
3.He can't drive so we can't go by car
If he.....could drive , we could go by car......
4.We didn't know your address, so we didn't write you a letter
If we.....had known your address , we would have written you a letter.
5.She is very hungry now because she hasn't eaten breakfast
If she.had eaten breakfast , she wouldn't have been very hungry now
6.If she had been offered the job, she would have taken it.
Unless...she had been offered the job, she would have taken it....
Exercise 3: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi:
1.The pupils had the parting party.Then they went on their summer vacation.
Before....their summer vacation , the pupils had the parting party
5.Don't read in bad light. Your eyes will be ruined
If....you read in bad light , your eyes will be ruined.
6. The child was so excited. He couldn't help laughing cheerfully
The child was so excited .that..he couldn't help laughing cheerfully....
BT1:Viết lại câu
1.People always laugh at his funny face.He doesn't like it
=>He dislikes being laughed at his funny face.
2.The car was so rusty that I couldn't be repaired
=>The car was too rusty for me to be repaired
3.We run out of ice-cream
=>There is not ice-cream for us
4.We started to study Japanese in 1994
=>We have studied Japanese since 1994
BT2:điền một từ thích hợp
One day,Mr.Bin went for a picnic in a park in...the.1.....country.He...has been2...carefully packed everything the night before.He used to...3.get......up late but that day he got up at 5 in the morning and...went..4.off straight away.He was so excited that he sang along with his Walkman all the way.After three hours'drive,he got to the park.He parked the car and carefully locked it up.Ten minutes.5....ago..,while Mr.Bin...was..6....enjoying himself in the sunshine and.........was listening.7....to his favourite music,a thief appeared in the car park.The thief came over to Mr Bin's cả,easily broke the lock and got into it.He stated the engine and was ready to drive away.He put his hand on the steering wheel,but it wasn't there. .....Before..8...... leaving the car,Mr.Bin had taken it off and brought along
BT3:Khoanh tròn
1.He quickly put...(a few/a little/few)thing into a bag
2.Two year...(is/are)along time to wait
3.Would you like...(less/fewer)coffee than this?
4....(a number of/the number of)students are going to the class picnic
5.They have got....(so/such)much money,they don't know what to do with it
6.What he told you...(seem/seems)to be importance
7.I have lived in HN...........(most/most of)my life
8.She swims .........(as/like) a fish
BT1:Viết lại câu
1.People always laugh at his funny face.He doesn't like it
=>He dislikes being laughed at his funny face
2.The car was so rusty that I couldn't be repaired
=>The car was too rusty for me to be repaired
3.We run out of ice-cream
=>There is not ice-cream for us.
4.We started to study Japanese in 1994
=>We have studied Japanese since 1994.
5.The arrival time of Hellen's flight is 8.00
=> Helen's flight arrives at 8.00
BT2:điền một từ thích hợp
One day,Mr.Bin went for a picnic in a park in....the....country.He...has been ...carefully packed everything the night before.He used to...get......up late but that day he got up at early in the morning and.....went .off straight away.He was so excited that he sang along with his Walkman all the way.After three hours'drive,he got to the park.He parked the car and carefully locked it up.Ten minutes...after ....,while Mr.Bin.....was..enjoying himself in the sunshine and.......listening ....to his favourite music,a thief appeared in the car park.The thief came over to Mr Bin's cả,easily broke the lock and got into it.He stated the engine and was ready to drive away.He put his hand on the steering wheel,but it wasn't there. .......Before ...... leaving the car,Mr.Bin had taken it off and brought along
BT3:Khoanh tròn
1.He quickly put...(a few/a little/few)thing into a bag
2.Two year...(is/are)along time to wait
3.Would you like...(less/fewer)coffee than this?
4....(a number of/the number of)students are going to the class picnic
5.They have got....(so/such)much money,they don't know what to do with it
6.What he told you...(seem/seems)to be importance
7.I have lived in HN...........(most/most of)my life
8.She swims .........(as/like) a fish