\(x2+y2+2x-4y+10\)
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+ 2x2 + y2 – 8x + 2y – 1 = 0 không phải phương trình đường tròn vì hệ số của x2 khác hệ số của y2.
+ Phương trình x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 4 = 0 có :
a = –1; b = 2; c = –4 ⇒ a2 + b2 – c = 9 > 0
⇒ phương trình trên là phương trình đường tròn.
+ Phương trình x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 20 = 0 có :
a = 1; b = 3; c = 20 ⇒ a2 + b2 – c = –10 < 0
⇒ phương trình trên không là phương trình đường tròn.
+ Phương trình x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y + 10 = 0 có :
a = –3; b = –1; c = 10 ⇒ a2 + b2 – c = 0 = 0
⇒ phương trình trên không là phương trình đường tròn.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
$A=x^2+y^2-6x+4y+20=(x^2-6x+9)+(y^2+4y+4)+7$
$=(x-3)^2+(y+2)^2+7\geq 0+0+7=7$
Vậy $A_{\min}=7$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x-3)^2=(y+2)^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=3; y=-2$
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$B=9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+30$
$=(9x^2-18x+9)+(y^2-6y+9)+(2z^2+4z+2)+10$
$=9(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-6y+9)+2(z^2+2z+1)+10$
$=9(x-1)^2+(y-3)^2+2(z+1)^2+10\geq 10$
Vậy $B_{\min}=10$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x-1)^2=(y-3)^2=(z+1)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=3; z=-1$
$C=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz+3$
$2C=2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz+6$
$=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+(y^2-2yz+z^2)+(x^2-2xz+z^2)+6$
$=(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2+6\geq 6$
$\Rightarrow C\geq 3$
Vậy $C_{\min}=3$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-y=y-z=z-x=0$
$\Leftrihgtarrow x=y=z$
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$D=5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+2021$
$=2(y^2+2xy+x^2)+3x^2-2x+4y+2021$
$=2(x+y)^2+4(x+y)+3x^2-6x+2021$
$=2(x+y)^2+4(x+y)+2+3(x^2-2x+1)+2016$
$=2[(x+y)^2+2(x+y)+1]+3(x^2-2x+1)+2016$
$=2(x+y+1)^2+3(x-1)^2+2016\geq 2016$
Vậy $D_{\min}=2016$ khi $x+y+1=x-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=-2$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1: \(x^2-x-y^2-y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
2: \(x^2-y^2+x-y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)
3: \(3x-3y+x^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
4: \(5x-5y+x^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(5x-5y\right)+\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5+x+y\right)\)
5: \(x^2-5x-y^2-5y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(5x+5y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
6: \(x^2-y^2+2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+2\right)\)
7: \(x^2-4y^2+x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)+\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y+1\right)\)
8: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
9: \(x^2-4y^2+2x+4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)+\left(2x+4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y+2\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) (x - 2)(x - 3). b) 3(x - 2)(x + 5).
c) (x - 2)(3x + 1). d) (x-2y)(x - 5y).
e) (x + l)(x + 2)(x - 3). g) (x-1)(x + 3)( x 2 + 3).
h) (x + y - 3)(x - y + 1).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
10: \(x\left(x-y\right)+x^2-y^2\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
11: \(x^2-y^2+10x-10y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(10x-10y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+10\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+10\right)\)
12: \(x^2-y^2+20x+20y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(20x+20y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+20\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+20\right)\)
13: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x-6y\)
\(=\left(4x^2-9y^2\right)-\left(4x+6y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)-2\left(2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y-2\right)\)
14: \(x^3-y^3+7x^2-7y^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(7x^2-7y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\cdot\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+7x+7y\right)\)
15: \(x^3+4x-\left(y^3+4y\right)\)
\(=x^3-y^3+4x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(4x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+4\right)\)
16: \(x^3+y^3+2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+2\right)\)
17: \(x^3-y^3-2x^2y+2xy^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)-\left(2x^2y-2xy^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-2xy\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-2xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
18: \(x^3-4x^2+4x-xy^2\)
\(=x\left(x^2-4x+4-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-2-y\right)\left(x-2+y\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,-x^2+2x+5=-\left(x^2-2x-5\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-6\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)
dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1=>Max A=6
\(b,B=-x^2-y^2+4x+4y+2=-x^2+4x-4-y^2+4x-4+10\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2+10=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=2=>Max B=10
\(c,C=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
dấu'=' xảy ra<=>x=1,y=-3=>MinC=2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2−18x+4z−6y+20=0
⇔9(x−1)^2+(y−3)^2+2(z+1)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3;z=−1
b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y−2x+2=0
⇔4(x+y)2+(x−1)2+(y+1)2=0
⇔x=−y;x=1y=−1⇔x=1y=−1
c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy−2x+4y+5=0
⇔(2x+y)^2+(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
⇔2x=−y;x=1;y=−2
⇔x=1;y=−2
d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y−4z−14
⇔(x−1)^2+(2y−3)^2+(z+2)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3/2;z=−2
e: Ta có: x^2−6x+y2+4y+2=0
⇔x^2−6x+9+y^2+4y+4−11=0
⇔(x−3)^2+(y+2)^2=11
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`a)x^2-2x+2+4y^2+4y`
`=x^2-2x+1+4y^2+4y+1`
`=(x-1)^2+(2y+1)^2`
`b)4x^2+y^2+12x+4y+13`
`=4x^2+12x+9+y^2+4y+4`
`=(2x+3)^2+(y+2)^2`
`c)x^2+17+4y^2+8x+4y`
`=x^2+8x+16+4y^2+4y+1`
`=(x+4)^2+(2y+1)^2`
`d)4x^2-12xy+y^2-4y+13`
`=4x^2-12x+9+y^2-4y+4`
`=(2x-3)^2+(y-2)^2`
a) \(x^2-2x+2+4y^2+4y=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)
b) \(4x^2+y^2+12x+4y+13=\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\)
c) \(x^2+17+4y^2+8x+4y=\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)
d) \(4x^2-12x+y^2-4y+13=\left(2x-3\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\)
đề là gì vậy bạn