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PTHH: Al2O3+6HCl➝2AlCl3+3H2O(1)
a)nAl2O3=\(\dfrac{10,2}{102}\)=0,1(mol)
mHCl=\(\dfrac{5\%.219}{100\%}\)=10,95(g)
⇒nHCl=\(\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}\)=0,3(mol)
Xét tỉ lệ Al2O3:\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}\)=0,1
Xét tỉ lệ HCl:\(\dfrac{0,3}{6}\)=0,05
⇒HCl pứng hết,Al2O3 còn dư
Theo PTHH(1) ta có nAl2O3 pứng=\(\dfrac{nHCl}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{0,3}{6}\)=0,05(mol)
⇒nAl2O3 dư=nAl2O3ban đầu-nAl2O3 pứng=0,1-0,05=0,05(mol)
⇒mAl2O3 dư=0,05.102=5,1(g)
b) C%HCl=\(\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{219+10,2}\).100%=4,8%
nAlCl3=0,1(mol)
⇒C%AlCl3=\(\dfrac{0,1.136,5}{10,2+219}\).100%=6%
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 4 :
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{V_{H2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
2 3 1 3
0,1 0,15 0,05 0,15
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Al}=n_{Al}.M_{Al}\)
= 0,1 . 27
= 2,7 (g)
\(m_{Cu}=10-2,7=7,3\left(g\right)\)
0/0Al = \(\dfrac{m_{Al}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{2,7.100}{10}=27\)0/0
0/0Cu = \(\dfrac{m_{Cu}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{10}=13\)0/0
b) \(n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3.}M_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}\)
= 0,05 . 342
= 17,1 (g)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.3}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=n_{H2SO4}.M_{H2SO4}\)
= 0,15 .98
= 14,7 (g)
\(C_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{m_{dd}}\Rightarrow m_{dd}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{C}=\)\(\dfrac{14,7.100}{15}=98\left(g\right)\)
mdung dịch sau phản ứng = (mAl + mCu) + mH2SO4 - mH2
= 10 + 98 - (0,15 . 2)
=107,7 (g)
\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100}{m_{dd}}=\dfrac{17,1.100}{107,7}=15,88\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2SO_4}=588\cdot5\%=29,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al2O3 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Al_2O_3\left(dư\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot342}{20,4+588-0,1\cdot102}\cdot100\%\approx5,72\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1 :
\(CT:C_nH_{2n-6}\left(n\ge6\right)\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12n}{14n-6}\cdot100\%=90.57\%\)
\(\Rightarrow n=8\)
\(CT:C_8H_{10}\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17.6}{44}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(CT:C_nH_{2n+1}OH\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ancol}=\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n}=\dfrac{0.4}{n}\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_A=\dfrac{7.4}{\dfrac{0.4}{n}}=\dfrac{37}{2}n\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow14n+18=\dfrac{37}{2}n\)
\(\Rightarrow n=4\)
\(CT:C_4H_9OH\)
\(CTCT:\)
\(B1:\)
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH:butan-1-ol\)
\(B2:\)
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(CH_3\right)-OH:butan-2-ol\)
\(B2:\)
\(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2-OH:2-metylpropan-1-ol\)
\(B3:\)
\(C\left(CH_3\right)_3-OH:2-metylpropan-2-ol\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)