CMR\(\left(a+b\right)^2\)≥4ab
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a)VT=\(\left(a+b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2\)(1)VP=\(\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab=a^2-2ab+b^2+4ab\)(2)
từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\)VT=VP.Vậy \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1)VP=(a-b)2+4ab=a2-2ab+b2+4ab
=a2+2ab+b2=(a+b)2=VT
Vậy (a+b)2=(a-b)2+4ab
VP = (a+b)2-4ab=a2+2ab+b2-4ab
=a2-2ab+b2=(a-b)2=VT
Vậy (a-b)2=(a+b)2-4ab
2)(a+b+c)2=[(a+b)+c]2=(a+b)2+2(a+b)c+c2=(a2+2ab+b2)+2ac+2bc+c2
=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bc
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1. Ta có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b+a-b\right)\left(a+b-a+b\right)\)
\(=2a.2b=4ab\)
=> đpcm
2. Ta có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(=2a^2+2b^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
=> đpcm
3. Ta có:\(\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
=> đpcm
4. Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab=a^2-2ab+b^2+4ab\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(a,\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)-\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)=4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-a^2-b^2+2ab+2ab=4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4ab=4ab\Leftrightarrow4ab-4ab=0\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(đpcm)
\(b,\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2+\left(2ab-2ab\right)=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)-2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(đpcm)
\(c,\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)-4ab=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a-b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(đpcm)
\(d,\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)+4ab=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab+4ab=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab=\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Sửa đề: \(\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab\)
Ta có: \(VP=\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2+4ab\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2=VT\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(VT=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=VP\)(đpcm)
c) Ta có: \(VP=\left(ax-by\right)^2+\left(ay+bx\right)^2\)
\(=a^2x^2-2axby+b^2y^2+a^2y^2+2aybx+b^2x^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2\)
\(=a^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+b^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=VT\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^3+8x=8y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+1\right)=y^2\)
Gọi \(d=ƯC\left(x;x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+1-x.x⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow x\) và \(x^2+1\) nguyên tố cùng nhau
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m^2\\x^2+1=n^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+1=n^2\Rightarrow\left(n-x\right)\left(n+x\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=0\)
TH1: a;b;c đồng dư khi chia 3 \(\Rightarrow a+b+c⋮3\)
TH2: 3 số a;b;c có số dư đôi một khác nhau khi chia cho 3 \(\Rightarrow a+b+c⋮3\)
TH3: 3 số a;b;c có 2 số đồng dư khi chia 3, một số khác số dư. Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a,b\) đồng dư khi chia 3 còn c khác số dư
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2⋮3\) còn \(\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\) chia 3 luôn dư 1 hoặc 2
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2⋮̸3\) (1)
Mặt khác từ giả thiết:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2-ac+3ac⋮3\\c^2-ab-3ab⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2-ac⋮3\\c^2-ab⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2-bc\right)+2\left(b^2-ac\right)+2\left(c^2-ab\right)⋮3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2⋮3\) trái với (1) ktm
Vậy \(a+b+c⋮3\)
Bất phương trình tương đương \(\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\)≥0
<=>\(a^2+2ab+1-4ab\)≥0
<=>\(a^2-2ab+1\)≥0
<=>\(\left(a-1\right)^2\)≥0
Suy ra \(\left(a+b\right)^2\)≥4ab
- Áp dụng bất đẳng thắc cauchuy ta có :\(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
=> \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
- Dấu bằng xảy ra <=> a = b .