Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức A=y^2+|x+2/3|-2
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BÀI 2 a, x2+x+1=(x2+1/2*2*x+1/4)-1/4+1=(x+1/2)2 +3/4
MÀ (x+1/2)2>=0 với mọi giá trị của x .Dấu"=" xảy ra khi x+1/2=0 =>x=-1/2
=>(x+1/2)2+3/4>=3/4 với mọi giá trị của x .Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=-1/2
=>x2+x+1 có giá trị nhỏ nhất là 3/4 khi x=-1/2
b,A=y(y+1)(y+2)(y+3)
=>A =[y(y+3)] [(y+1)(y+2)]
=>A=(y2+3y) (y2+3y+2)
Đặt X=y2+3y+1
=>A=(X+1)(X-1)
=>A=X2-1
=>A=(y2+3y+1)2-1
MÀ (y2+3y+1)2>=0 với mọi giá trị của y
=>(y2+3y+1)2-1>=-1
Vậy GTNN của Alà -1
c,B=x3+y3+z3-3xyz
=>B=(x3+y3)+z3-3xyz
=>B=(x+y)3-3xy(x+y)+z3-3xyz
=>B=[(x+y)3+z3]-3xy(x+y+z)
=>B=(x+y+z)(x2+2xy+y2-xz-yz+z2)-3xy(x+y+z)
=>B=(x+y+z)(x2+2xy+y2-xz-yz+z2-3xy)
=>B=(x+y+z)(x2+y2+z2-xy-xz-yz)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{3}{\left(x+2\right)^2+4};\left(x+2\right)^2\in N\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{max}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+4=4\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{max}=\frac{3}{4}\)
b, \(B=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+1\)
Mặt khác: \(\left(x+1\right)^2;\left(y+3\right)^2\in N\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{min}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow B_{min}=1\)
\(A=\frac{3}{\left(x+2\right)^2+4}\)
Để A max
=>(x+2)^2+4 min
Mà\(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Vậy Min = 4 <=>x=-2
Vậy Max A = 3/4 <=> x=-2
\(b,B=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+1\)
Có \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge0+0+1=1\)
Vậy MinB = 1<=>x=-1;y=-3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`A=x^4-6x^3+18x^2-6xy+y^2+2012`
`=x^4-6x^3+9x^2+9x^2-6xy+y^2+2012`
`=(x^2-x)^2+(3x-y)^2+2012>=2012`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
$\begin{cases}x=x^2\\y=3x\end{cases}$
`<=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}\begin{cases}x=0\\y=3x=0\\\end{cases}\\\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3x=3\\\end{cases}\end{array} \right.$
Vậy `min_A=2012<=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=y=0\\\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\end{cases}\end{array} \right.$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=4x^2-12x+100=\left(2x\right)^2-12x+3^2+91=\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\)
Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\ge91\)
hay A \(\ge91\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\)
<=> 2x-3=0
<=> 2x=3
<=> \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min A=91 đạt được khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(B=-x^2-x+1=-\left(x^2+x-1\right)=-\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)=-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\) hay B\(\le\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Max B=\(\frac{5}{4}\)đạt được khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(C=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(C=x^2+2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
Ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\inℤ\\x^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
hay C\(\ge\)1
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2=0\\x^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Min C=1 đạt được khi y=1 và x=0
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có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}=\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}\)(1)
có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{2xy}\left(2\right)\)
từ(1)(2)=>A=\(\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{1}=\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
=>Min A=(1+\(\sqrt{2}\))^2
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a/ \(M=x^2+y^2-x+6y+10=\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+10-\frac{1}{4}-9\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Suy ra Min M = 3/4 <=> (x;y) = (1/2;-3)
b/
1/ \(A=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Suy ra Min A = 7 <=> x = 2
2/ \(B=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra Min B = 1/4 <=> x = 1/2
3/ \(N=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)-5+\frac{1}{2}=-2\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\ge-\frac{9}{2}\)
Suy ra Min N = -9/2 <=> x = 1/2
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1 )Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=: xảy ra <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy ........
2 ) \(\frac{1}{\left(x-2\right)^2+2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 2
Vậy ..........
\(A=y^2+\left|x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right|-2\ge-2\\ A_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta thấy: y2 ≥ 0, \(\left|x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right|\ge0\Rightarrow y^2+\left|x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right|-2\ge-2\Rightarrow A\ge-2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2=0\\x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy Amin = - 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{2}{3};0\right)\)