Cho a,b,c>0 và a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 3. CMR a/b + b/c + c/a >= 9/a+b+c
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 1
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=>\left(\frac{a}{b}+1\right)=\left(\frac{c}{d}+1\right)\left(=\right)\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}\)
=> ĐPCM
Câu 2
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=>\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}=>\left(\frac{b}{a}+1\right)=\left(\frac{d}{c}+1\right)\left(=\right)\frac{b+a}{a}=\frac{d+c}{c}=>\frac{a}{b+a}=\frac{c}{d+c}\)
=> ĐPCM
Câu 3
Câu 3
Ta có \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)(=) (a+b).(c-d)=(a-b).(c+d)(=)ac-ad+bc-bd=ac+ad-bc-bd(=)-ad+bc=ad-bc(=) bc+bc=ad+ad(=)2bc=2ad(=)bc=ad=> \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
=> ĐPCM
Câu 4
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)
Ta có \(\frac{ac}{bd}=\frac{bk.dk}{bd}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
Lại có \(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{k^2.\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`(a+b+c)^2=3(ab+bc+ca)`
`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3(ab+bc+ca)`
`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`
`<=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca`
`<=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0`
`VT>=0`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `a=b=c`
`a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc`
`<=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0`
`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3abc-3ab(a+b)=0`
`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b+c)=0`
`<=>(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)=0`
`**a+b+c=0`
`**a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`
`<=>a=b=c`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^4}{a^2b+9a}+\frac{b^4}{ab^2+9b}+\frac{b^4}{b^2c+9b}+\frac{c^4}{bc^2+9c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2a+9c}+\frac{a^4}{ca^2+9a}\)
\(\ge \frac{(a^2+b^2+b^2+c^2+c^2+a^2)^2}{ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+18(a+b+c)}=\frac{4(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+162}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=\frac{a^3+b^3+b^3}{3}+\frac{b^3+c^3+c^3}{3}+\frac{c^3+a^3+a^3}{3}\geq ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
Tương tự: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq \frac{ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(c+a)+ca(c+a)\geq \frac{3}{2}[ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)\geq \frac{3}{2}[ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)\leq 6(a^2+b^2+c^2)\)
Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{4(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{6(a^2+b^2+c^2)+162}\)
Đặt \(a^2+b^2+c^2=t\). Dễ thấy \(t\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=27\). Khi đó:
\(\frac{4(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{6(a^2+b^2+c^2)+162}-9=\frac{4t^2}{6t+162}-9=\frac{2(t-27)(2t+27)}{6t+162}\geq 0, \forall t\geq 27\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{4t^2}{6t+162}\geq 9\) (đpcm). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=3$
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\text{VT}=a-\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2}+b-\frac{bc^2}{b+c^2}+c-\frac{ca^2}{c+a^2}=(a+b+c)-\left(\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+a^2}\right)\)
\(\geq (a+b+c)-\left(\frac{ab^2}{2\sqrt{ab^2}}+\frac{bc^2}{2\sqrt{bc^2}}+\frac{ca^2}{\sqrt{ca^2}}\right)=(a+b+c)-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{ab^2}+\sqrt{bc^2}+\sqrt{ca^2})\)
\(\geq (a+b+c)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab+b}{2}+\frac{bc+c}{2}+\frac{ca+a}{2}\right)=\frac{3(a+b+c)-(ab+bc+ac)}{2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\((a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)=(a^2+b^2+c^2)(ab+bc+ac)\geq (ab+bc+ac)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\geq ab+bc+ac\)
Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{3(a+b+c)-(a+b+c)}{2}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)