Cho a, b, c là 3 cạnh một atm giác. Tìm GTNN của:
\(P=\frac{2a}{b+c-a}+\frac{8b}{a+c-b}+\frac{18}{a+b-c}\)
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18 tháng 6 2018
\(P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}=\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}\)
vì a,b,c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác áp dụng bđt tam giác có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c>a\Rightarrow2b+2c>a\Rightarrow2ab+2ac>a^2\Rightarrow2ab+2ac-a^2>0\\c+a>b\Rightarrow2c+2a>b\Rightarrow2bc+2ab>b^2\Rightarrow2bc+2ab-b^2>0\\a+b>c\Rightarrow2a+2b>c\Rightarrow2ac+2bc>c^2\Rightarrow2ac+2bc-c^2>0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>0\)áp dụng bđt cauchy schawazt dạng enge ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2+2bc+2ab-b^2+2ac+2bc-c^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2>=ab+ac+bc\Rightarrow4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)< =\)
\(4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}>=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}\)(2)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-ab-ac-bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}\)
\(>=\frac{ab+ac+bc+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{3ab+3ac+3bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=1\)(3)
từ (1)(2)(3)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}>=1\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
vậy min P là 1 khi a=b=c
4 tháng 7 2017
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c-a=2x\\c+a-b=2y\\a+b-c=2z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=y+z\\b=x+z\\c=x+y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{9x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{16x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{9z}{y}+\frac{16y}{z}\right)\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.\left(2.2.3+2.2.4+2.3.4\right)=26\)
17 tháng 6 2018
làm lại dong cuối:\(A\ge\frac{2}{c}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{a}\)
Mà:\(2c+b=abc\Rightarrow a=\frac{2c+b}{cb}=\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a=\frac{4}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2a+\frac{6}{a}\)
17 tháng 6 2018
Ta có:\(A=\left(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\)
\(+3\left(\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{c}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{c}\) (Do a,b,c là 3 cạnh của tam giác nên:\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b-c>0\\a+c-b>0\\c+b-a>0\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{6}{a}+2a\ge4\sqrt{3}\left(cosi\right)\left(a>0\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
BU
3
31 tháng 7 2017
\(\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+b+c\right)< 2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+ab+ac< 2ab+2ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2< ab+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2< a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a< b+c\) (luôn đúng \(\forall\) a;b;c là 3 cạnh của \(\Delta\) )
Vậy \(\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
31 tháng 7 2017
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{2a}{2\left(b+c\right)}\)
Vì \(a< b+c\)(Bất đẳng thức tam giác)
nên \(a+b+c< 2\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{2\left(b+c\right)}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Hay\(\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
5 tháng 7 2021
Ta có:
A = \(\frac{a}{2b+3c}+\frac{b}{2c+3a}+\frac{c}{3b+2a}=\frac{a^2}{2ab+3ac}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+3ab}+\frac{c^2}{3bc+2ac}\)
A \(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2ab+3ac+2bc+3ab+3bc+2ac}\)(bđt svacxo \(\frac{x_1^2}{y_1}+\frac{x_2^2}{y_2}+\frac{x_3^2}{y_3}\ge\frac{\left(x_1+x_2+x_3\right)^2}{y_1+y_2+y_3}\))
A \(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{5\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}\) (bđt \(xy+yz+xz\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)(*)
CM bđt * <=> \(3xy+3yz+3xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2+2xz+2xy+2yz\)
<=> \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
<=> A \(\ge\frac{3}{5}\) --> ĐPCM
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c-a=x\\a+c-b=y\\a+b-c=z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{y+z}{2}\\b=\frac{x+z}{2}\\c=\frac{x+y}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\frac{2.\left(y+z\right)}{2}}{x}+\frac{\frac{8.\left(x+z\right)}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{18.\left(x+y\right)}{2}}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{4.\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{9.\left(x+y\right)}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{4x}{y}+\frac{4z}{y}+\frac{9x}{z}+\frac{9y}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-Gm ta có:
\(P\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}.\frac{4x}{y}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}.\frac{9x}{z}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{4z}{y}.\frac{9y}{z}}=2.2+2.3+2.6=22\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> y=2x; z=3x
KL:........................................