cho a ,b, c, là số thực thỏa mãn a^2+ab+ac<0. Chứng minh ax^2+bx+c=0 có hai nghiệm phân biệt
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\(a^2+ab+b^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P_{min}=\sqrt{3}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(P=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c(a+b+c)+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(\leq \sum \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}$ khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
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\(\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}=\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}=ab\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b+c}}\le ab\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{bc}{a+c}\right);\dfrac{ac}{\sqrt{ac+2b}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{ac}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{c+a}+\dfrac{ab}{c+b}+\dfrac{bc}{b+a}+\dfrac{bc}{c+a}+\dfrac{ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{ac}{b+c}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đề bài bị nhầm phải ko bạn.
Ta đặt P=\(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\) .Ta cần chứng minh P\(\ge3\)\(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+ab\ge2b^2;\dfrac{a^3}{c}+ac\ge2a^2;\dfrac{c^3}{b}+bc\ge2c^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-ab-ca-bc\ge ab+bc+ca\Rightarrow2\cdot P\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\left(1\right)\) \(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+a+1\ge3b;\dfrac{a^3}{c}+c+1\ge3a;\dfrac{c^3}{b}+b+1\ge3c\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\ge3a+3b+3c-3-a-b-c=2a+2b+2c-3\left(2\right)\) Cộng từng vế của 2 bđt (1) và (2) ta được:
\(\Rightarrow3\cdot\left(\dfrac{b^3}{a}+\dfrac{a^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)-3=12-3=9\Rightarrow3P\ge9\Rightarrow P\ge3\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
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Theo đề ra, ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
Theo BĐT Cô-si:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\\b^3+bc^2\ge2b^2c\\c^3+ca^2\ge2c^2a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
Do vậy \(M\ge14\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Ta đặt \(a^2+b^2+c^2=k\)
Luôn có \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1\)
Vì thế nên \(k\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Khi đấy:
\(M\ge14k+\dfrac{3\left(1-k\right)}{2k}=\dfrac{k}{2}+\dfrac{27k}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2k}-\dfrac{3}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{1}{2}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{27k}{2}.\dfrac{3}{2k}}-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{23}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_M=\dfrac{23}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\).
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Có bất đẳng thức xy+zt≥x+zy+txy+zt≥x+zy+t với x,z≥0x,z≥0 ,y,t>0y,t>0
Giả sử cc lớn nhất trong các số a,b,ca,b,c thì c≥13c≥13
Do a,b,c≥0a,b,c≥0 nên
Ta có P2≥aa+1+bb+1+cc+1≥a+ba+b+2+cc+1P2≥aa+1+bb+1+cc+1≥a+ba+b+2+cc+1
Mà a+ba+b+2+cc+1−12=1−c3−c+c−12(c+1)=(1−c)(3c−1)(3−c)(2c+2)≥0